Risk Factors for Brain Metastases in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma

Table 2

Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of the risk factors for brain metastasis from renal cell carcinoma.

Exposure	Univariate	Multivariate
Age
<70 years	1	1
≥70 years	0.802 (0.582, 1.105), 0.17707	0.653 (0.460, 0.927), 0.01719
T stage NEW
1	1	1
2	12.116 (8.009, 18.329), <0.00001	2.656 (1.463, 4.823), 0.00133
3	11.820 (8.076, 17.300), <0.00001	2.303 (1.367, 3.881), 0.00173
4	44.218 (26.600, 73.505), <0.00001	2.215 (1.119, 4.384), 0.02245
Tumor size
<4 cm	1	1
≥4 cm and <7 cm	5.240 (2.780, 9.880), <0.00001	2.270 (1.154, 4.467), 0.01755
≥7 cm and <10 cm	21.827 (11.950, 39.868), <0.00001	2.360 (1.128, 4.938), 0.02269
≥10 cm	34.081 (18.720, 62.047), <0.00001	2.070 (0.981, 4.365), 0.05602
Grade
Grade I	1	1
Grade II	1.342 (0.690, 2.612), 0.38629	1.350 (0.650, 2.803), 0.42131
Grade III	3.397 (1.770, 6.520), 0.00024	1.772 (0.852, 3.684), 0.12578
Grade IV	10.877 (5.622, 21.044), <0.00001	2.462 (1.148, 5.281), 0.02066
N stage
N0	1	1
N1	7.827 (5.738, 10.677), <0.00001	0.612 (0.423, 0.886), 0.00930
Bone metastasis
No	1	1
Yes	23.869 (18.107, 31.466), <0.00001	3.313 (2.397, 4.578), <0.00001
Liver metastasis
No	1	1
Yes	13.248 (8.498, 20.654), <0.00001	0.843 (0.505, 1.407), 0.51281
Lung metastasis
No	1	1
Yes	50.854 (38.975, 66.354), <0.00001	10.882 (7.745, 15.289), <0.00001
Marital status
Unmarried	1	1
Married	1.002 (0.770, 1.303), 0.98929	1.030 (0.771, 1.377), 0.84112
Unknown	0.517 (0.239, 1.119), 0.09390	0.878 (0.394, 1.956), 0.74979
Race NEW
Black	1	1
Others	0.609 (0.225, 1.651), 0.32989	0.507 (0.170, 1.516), 0.22427
Unknown	0.151 (0.050, 0.454), 0.00075	0.135 (0.040, 0.452), 0.00118
White	0.526 (0.216, 1.284), 0.15839	0.429 (0.160, 1.153), 0.09347
Surgery
No	1	1
Partial	0.004 (0.002, 0.008), <0.00001	0.042 (0.018, 0.101), <0.00001
Radical	0.058 (0.044, 0.077), <0.00001	0.132 (0.091, 0.193), <0.00001