Three-Dimensional-Printed Poly-L-Lactic Acid Scaffolds with Different Pore Sizes Influence Periosteal Distraction Osteogenesis of a Rabbit Skull

Figure 5

Influence of filling rates on scaffold properties. (a) Compressive modulus of PLLA scaffolds (, , ). (b) Elastic modulus of different PLLA scaffolds (, ). (c) The influence of different concentrations of extracts from scaffold I on BMSC growth (, NS = not significant; Ctrl = control group). (d) The influence of different concentrations of extracts from scaffold II on BMSC growth (, NS = not significant; Ctrl = control group). (e) The influence of different concentrations of extracts from scaffold III on BMSC growth (, NS = not significant; Ctrl = control group). (f) The proliferation curves of BMSCs on scaffolds I, II, and III for 1-5 days (, vs. scaffold I, ^# vs. scaffold II, ^## vs. scaffold II, ^### vs. scaffold II, ^$$$ vs. scaffold III, Ctrl = control group). (g) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining of BMSCs on scaffolds after osteogenic differentiation for 7 days (40x) (). (h) ALP staining of BMSCs on scaffolds after osteogenic differentiation for 7 days (100x) (). (i) ALP activity of BMSCs on scaffolds after osteogenic differentiation for 7 days (NS = not significant).

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