Research Article
Protection of Lycopene against Embryonic Anomalies and Yolk Sac Placental Vasculogenic Disorders Induced by Nicotine Exposure
Figure 6
Gene expression changes of apoptosis-related genes (Bax, caspase 3, and Bcl-xL) in embryos using real-time PCR analysis. Each value was normalized with GAPDH expression. Data are expressed as . The mRNA levels of lycopene cotreated groups were compared with control (a) and nicotine (b) groups for significance ().
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