Relationship between the 10-Year Risk for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and the Dietary Inflammatory Index among Korean Adults Based on the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
Table 2
Characteristics of the study participants according to sex in quartiles of the DII scores.
Variables
Men ()
Women ()
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
value
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
value
507
447
375
383
539
599
671
664
Age, years (Mean, SE)
52.33, 0.32
51.86, 0.33
52.22, 0.37
52.11, 0.36
0.73
53.46, 0.33
53.21, 0.34
52.67, 0.30
52.27, 0.33
0.03
DII (Mean, SE)
−3.63, 0.05
−1.16, 0.03
0.08, 0.04
3.48, 0.07
<0.001
−3.57, 0.05
−1.16, 0.03
0.79, 0.03
3.55, 0.03
<0.001
Household income (, weighted %)
Lowest
25, 4.9%
33, 6.7%
46, 10.4%
88, 16.8%
<0.001
42, 7.6%
76, 10.9%
81, 10.1%
101, 13.8%
<0.001
Lower middle
89, 14.6%
115, 24.3%
84, 20.4%
78, 19.9%
113, 19.1%
140, 22.2%
184, 26.4%
179, 24.4%
Upper middle
148, 30.2%
123, 26.7%
112, 30.1%
92, 25.5%
157, 28.6%
164, 29.0%
203, 32.3%
191, 29.9%
Highest
245, 50.3%
176, 42.3%
133, 39.0%
124, 37.9%
227, 44.7%
219, 38.0%
201, 31.1%
193, 31.8%
Subjective body image (, weighted %)
Very skinny
17, 3.5%
17, 3.9%
16, 4.5%
24, 5.4%
<0.001
11, 1.7%
10, 1.2%
7, 1.1%
12, 1.5%
<0.001
Slightly skinny
55, 11.0%
58, 12.4%
48, 13.6%
49, 11.8%
37, 6.1%
48, 8.0%
55, 8.2%
53, 7.6%
Moderate
213, 40.7%
174, 40.7%
161, 41.5%
151, 39.5%
229, 44.3%
249, 41.7%
267, 40.2%
234, 40.2%
Slightly obese
199, 40.1%
181, 39.6%
135, 36.8%
129, 34.7%
208, 38.4%
237, 39.7%
250, 36.3%
266, 38.8%
Very obese
23, 4.7%
17, 3.4%
15, 3.6%
30, 8.7%
54, 9.5%
55, 9.3%
92, 14.1%
99, 11.9%
Subjective health status (, weighted %)
Good
193, 40.0%
141, 33.0%
105, 30.1%
78, 21.0%
<0.001
130, 25.5%
148, 26.1%
176, 26.1%
138, 22.8%
<0.001
Moderate
246, 51.7%
229, 53.8%
202, 55.9%
202, 57.7%
300, 58.4%
309, 54.1%
374, 57.4%
362, 57.3%
Poor
43, 8.3%
63, 13.2%
52, 14.0%
83, 21.3%
89, 16.1%
130, 19.9%
107, 16.5%
138, 19.9%
Current smoker (, weighted %)
148, 29.8%
153, 36.8%
152, 41.7%
189, 49.5%
<0.001
13, 2.6%
22, 3.9%
23, 3.0%
49, 8.5%
<0.001
Diabetes mellitus diagnosis (, weighted %)
39, 7.4%
44, 8.1%
33, 8.2%
41, 8.4%
<0.001
28, 5.5%
40, 5.6%
43, 6.4%
44, 6.5%
<0.001
Treatment for hypertension (, weighted %)
127, 22.7%
106, 19.6%
90, 21.4%
94, 22.5%
<0.001
94, 15.0%
105, 15.5%
117, 15.8%
126, 16.9%
<0.001
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (Mean, SE)
121.5, 0.80
119.99, 0.74
121.33, 0.90
122.75, 0.92
0.11
117.53, 0.73
116.60, 0.78
118.60, 0.78
117.73, 0.75
0.35
Fasting glucose, mmol/L (Mean, SE)
104.92, 1.06
105.31, 1.53
105.40, 1.37
106.24, 1.46
0.91
97.98, 0.78
98.33, 0.10
99.77, 0.98
100.0, 1.10
0.31
Total cholesterol, mmol/L (Mean, SE)
199.91, 1.57
197.47, 1.97
197.69, 2.13
198.61, 1.99
0.78
201.64, 1.76
200.60, 1.66
205.90, 1.53
204.58, 1.77
0.07
HDL cholesterol (Mean, SE)
48.24, 0.58
46.55, 0.53
46.75, 0.62
47.20, 0.60
0.15
55.12, 0.62
55.20, 0.63
54.31, 0.57
54.4, 0.51
0.61
ASCVD high-risk group (, weighted %)
222, 36.9%
201, 34.2%
178, 41.1%
209, 45.1%
<0.001
31, 4.7%
30, 4.0%
36, 4.5%
41, 4.8%
<0.001
Abbreviations: Q: quartile; DII: dietary inflammatory index; SE: standard error; HDL cholesterol: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ASCVD high-risk group: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease high-risk group. p values < 0.001 are considered significant.
