Factors Influencing Administration, Recognition, and Compliance of Medicine among Community Residents from Jilin Province, China: A Questionnaire Study

Table 2

Bivariate chi-squared analyses of categorical independent variables versus poor and better CRA, CRR, and CRC.

Variables	Community residents; (%)	CRA				CRR				CRC
		Appropriately; (%)	Inappropriately; (%)	Statistics		Appropriately; (%)	Inappropriately; (%)	Statistics		Appropriately; (%)	Inappropriately; (%)	Statistics
Gender
Male	972 (40.2)	520 (53.5)	452 (46.5)	: 25.816	<0.001	564 (58.0)	408 (42.0)	: 21.386	<0.001	466 (47.9)	506 (52.1)	: 2.450	0.117
Female	1445 (59.8)	621 (43.0)	824 (57.0)			700 (48.4)	745 (51.6)			646 (44.7)	799 (55.3)
Ethnicity
Han Chinese	2206 (91.3)	1165 (52.8)	1041 (47.2)	: 0.003	0.955	1060 (48.1)	1146 (51.9)	: 3.591	0.058	1193 (54.1)	1013 (45.9)	: 0.077	0.781
Others	211 (8.7)	111 (52.6)	100 (47.4)			87 (41.2)	124 (58.8)			112 (53.1)	99 (46.9)
Highest educational level
Primary school	177 (7.3)	105 (59.3)	72 (40.7)	: 80.087	<0.001	106 (59.9)	71 (40.1)	: 80.725	<0.001	90 (50.8)	87 (49.2)	: 7.226	0.124
Middle school	621 (25.7)	356 (57.3)	265 (42.7)			395 (63.6)	226 (36.4)			267 (43.0)	354 (57.0)
Senior high school or polytechnic	763 (31.6)	358 (46.9)	405 (53.1)			412 (54.0)	351 (46.0)			349 (45.7)	414 (54.3)
Junior college	537 (22.2)	227 (42.3)	310 (57.7)			223 (41.5)	314 (58.5)			266 (49.5)	271 (50.5)
Undergraduate	319 (13.2)	95 (29.8)	224 (70.2)			128 (40.1)	191 (59.9)			140 (43.9)	179 (56.1)
Occupation
Agricultural worker	229 (9.5)	142 (62.0)	87 (38.0)	: 55.406	<0.001	141 (61.6)	88 (38.4)	: 38.197	<0.001	125 (54.6)	104 (45.4)	: 36.657	<0.001
Industrial (or skilled) worker	817 (33.8)	437 (53.5)	380 (46.5)			480 (58.8)	337 (41.2)			352 (43.1)	465 (56.9)
Professional	385 (15.9)	152 (39.5)	233 (60.5)			176 (45.7)	209 (54.3)			136 (35.3)	249 (64.7)
Service provider	546 (22.6)	221 (40.5)	325 (59.5)			254 (46.5)	292 (53.5)			284 (52.0)	262 (48.0)
Other	440 (18.2)	189 (43.0)	251 (57.0)			213 (48.4)	227 (51.6)			215 (48.9)	225 (51.1)
Monthly income
≤1000 RMB	182 (7.5)	85 (46.7)	97 (53.3)	: 9.147	0.103	81 (44.5)	101 (55.5)	: 11.021	0.051	91 (50.0)	91 (50.0)	: 5.534	0.354
1001–2000 RMB	661 (27.3)	352 (53.3)	309 (46.7)			309 (46.7)	352 (53.3)			355 (53.7)	306 (46.3)
2001–3000 RMB	672 (27.8)	354 (52.7)	318 (47.3)			318 (47.3)	354 (52.7)			373 (55.5)	299 (44.5)
3001–4000 RMB	530 (21.9)	259 (48.9)	271 (51.1)			262 (49.4)	268 (50.6)			272 (51.3)	258 (48.7)
4001–5000 RMB	241 (10.0)	139 (57.7)	102 (42.3)			132 (54.8)	109 (45.2)			136 (56.4)	105 (43.6)
>5000 RMB	131 (5.4)	75 (57.3)	56 (42.7)			76 (58.0)	55 (42.0)			78 (59.5)	53 (40.5)
Marital status
Unmarried	280 (11.6)	151 (53.9)	129 (46.1)	: 2.043	0.360	161 (57.5)	119 (42.5)	: 5.767	0.056	111 (39.6)	169 (60.4)	: 4.755	0.093
Married	2063 (85.4)	1072 (52.0)	991 (48.0)			1040 (50.4)	1023 (49.6)			800 (38.8)	1263 (61.2)
Divorced	74 (3.0)	33 (44.6)	41 (55.4)			34 (45.9)	40 (54.1)			38 (51.4)	36 (48.6)
Hospitalizations per year
0	1466 (60.7)	743 (50.7)	723 (49.3)	: 6.294	0.178	700 (47.7)	766 (52.3)	: 4.159	0.385	839 (57.2)	627 (42.8)	: 817	0.146
1	599 (24.8)	271 (45.2)	328 (54.8)			265 (44.2)	334 (55.8)			344 (57.4)	255 (42.6)
2–3	300 (12.4)	138 (46.0)	162 (54.0)			133 (44.3)	167 (55.7)			190 (63.3)	110 (36.7)
4–6	38 (1.6)	17 (44.7)	21 (55.3)			14 (36.8)	24 (63.2)			20 (52.6)	18 (47.4)
>6	14 (0.6)	7 (50.0)	7 (50.0)			6 (42.9)	8 (57.1)			11 (78.6)	3 (21.4)
Medical insurance
Medical insurance in urban area	746 (30.9)	404 (54.2)	342 (45.8)	: 9.963	0.076	366 (49.1)	380 (50.9)	: 9.805	0.081	332 (44.5)	414 (55.5)	: 6.795	0.236
Urban employees’ medical insurance	1025 (42.4)	563 (54.9)	462 (45.1)			485 (47.3)	540 (52.7)			498 (48.6)	527 (51.4)
New-style rural cooperative medical care	404 (16.7)	224 (55.4)	180 (44.6)			204 (50.5)	200 (49.5)			197 (48.8)	207 (51.2)
Commercial medical insurance	38 (1.6)	17 (44.7)	21 (55.3)			22 (57.9)	16 (42.1)			23 (60.5)	15 (39.5)
Private expenses	167 (6.9)	110 (65.9)	57 (34.1)			86 (51.5)	81 (48.5)			85 (50.9)	82 (49.1)
Others	37 (1.5)	22 (59.5)	15 (40.5)			26 (70.3)	11 (29.7)			17 (45.9)	20 (54.1)
Adverse reactions
Yes	527 (21.8)	276 (52.4)	251 (47.6)	: 4.247	0.120	259 (49.1)	268 (50.9)	: 4.118	0.128	294 (55.8)	233 (44.2)	: 1.160	0.560
No	1417 (58.6)	769 (54.3)	648 (45.7)			688 (48.6)	729 (51.4)			763 (53.8)	654 (46.2)
Uncertain	473 (19.6)	231 (48.8)	242 (51.2)			206 (43.6)	267 (56.4)			248 (52.4)	225 (47.6)
Smoking status
No smoking	1781 (73.7)	887 (49.8)	894 (50.2)	: 6.034	0.303	847 (47.6)	934 (52.4)	: 69.326	<0.001	901 (50.6)	880 (49.4)	: 5.740	0.332
Light smoking ()	346 (14.3)	154 (44.5)	192 (55.5)			210 (60.7)	136 (39.3)			169 (48.8)	177 (51.2)
Medium-heavy smoking (PI 200–400)	199 (8.2)	96 (48.2)	103 (51.8)			138 (69.3)	61 (30.7)			91 (45.7)	108 (54.3)
Heavy smoking ()	30 (1.2)	12 (40.0)	18 (60.0)			22 (73.3)	8 (26.7)			18 (60.0)	12 (40.0)
Smoking cessation	38 (1.6)	19 (50.0)	19 (50.0)			29 (76.3)	9 (23.7)			14 (36.8)	24 (63.2)
Smoking cessation (≥2 years)	23 (1.0)	8 (34.8)	15 (65.2)			18 (78.3)	5 (21.7)			12 (52.2)	11 (47.8)
Alcohol consumption status
No drinking	1609 (66.6)	872 (54.2)	737 (45.8)	^a5.353	0.370	791 (49.2)	818 (50.8)	^aFisher: 27.181	<0.001	898 (55.8)	711 (44.2)	^aFisher: 6.321	0.264
Heavy drinking	52 (2.2)	24 (46.2)	28 (53.8)			36 (69.2)	16 (30.8)			23 (44.2)	29 (55.8)
Medium-heavy drinking	232 (9.6)	132 (56.9)	100 (43.1)			148 (63.8)	84 (36.2)			120 (51.7)	112 (48.3)
Light drinking	512 (21.2)	282 (55.1)	230 (44.9)			281 (54.9)	231 (45.1)			263 (51.4)	249 (48.6)
Temperance	9 (0.4)	5 (55.6)	4 (44.4)			6 (66.7)	3 (33.3)			5 (55.6)	4 (44.4)
Temperance (≥2 years)	3 (0.1)	0 (0.0)	3 (100.0)			2 (66.7)	1 (33.3)			2 (66.7)	1 (33.3)
Types of medicines per day
≤2	1811 (74.9)	981 (54.2)	830 (45.8)	: 6.414	0.093	890 (49.1)	921 (50.9)	: 6.178	0.103	864 (47.7)	947 (52.3)	^aFisher: 9.266	0.026
2–5	570 (23.6)	278 (48.8)	292 (51.2)			248 (43.5)	322 (56.5)			232 (40.7)	338 (59.3)
6–10	32 (1.3)	16 (50.0)	16 (50.0)			13 (40.6)	19 (59.4)			15 (46.9)	17 (53.1)
>10	4 (0.2)	1 (25.0)	3 (75.0)			2 (50.0)	2 (50.0)			1 (25.0)	3 (75.0)
Number of medications received each time
≤5	1986 (82.2)	1066 (53.7)	920 (46.3)	: 5.458	0.142	971 (48.9)	1015 (51.1)	: 1.343	0.719	938 (47.2)	1048 (52.8)	: 13.317	0.004
6–10	372 (15.4)	176 (47.3)	196 (52.7)			172 (46.2)	200 (53.8)			153 (41.1)	219 (58.9)
11–15	45 (1.9)	22 (48.9)	23 (51.1)			20 (44.4)	25 (55.6)			20 (44.4)	25 (55.6)
>15	14 (0.6)	8 (57.1)	6 (42.9)			6 (42.9)	8 (57.1)			1 (7.1)	13 (92.9)
Self-rated health status
Very good	336	181 (53.9)	155 (46.1)	: 7.936	0.094	164 (48.8)	172 (51.2)	: 5.637	0.228	195 (58.0)	141 (42.0)	: 37.000	<0.001
Good	944	519 (55.0)	425 (45.0)			495 (52.4)	449 (47.6)			449 (47.6)	495 (52.4)
Fair	924	475 (51.4)	449 (48.6)			496 (53.7)	428 (46.3)			394 (42.6)	530 (57.4)
Poor	198	97 (49.0)	101 (51.0)			98 (49.5)	100 (50.5)			71 (35.9)	127 (64.1)
Very poor	15	4 (26.7)	11 (73.3)			11 (73.3)	4 (26.7)			3 (20.0)	12 (80.0)

Abbreviations: CRA: community residents’ administration of medicine; CRR: community residents’ recognition of medicines; CRC: community residents’ medication compliance; : chi-squared; ^aFisher’s exact text was conducted.