| | Study | Year | Country | Study type | LoE | Device | Patients (F/M) | Age (years) | Follow-up (months) | Segments | Parameters | Complications | | | | | | | PLIF | DATF | PLIF | DATF | | | | |
| | Herren et al. [19] | 2018 | Germany | RCT | I | Dynesys | 14 (8/6) | 15 (6/9) | 61.78 (34-76) | 60.9 (47-80) | 37.68 (1.38-72) | 1-5 | NA | Implant loosening, implant breakage | | Aygun et al. [13] | 2017 | Turkey | Retro | III | Cosmic | 59 (34/25) | 42 (19/23) | | | 79 | 1-5 | RASP, EBL, DS | Dural tear, radiculopathy, infection, implant loosening, Pseudoarthrosis | | Chen et al. [3] | 2016 | China | Retro | III | Coflex | 88 (34/54) | 76 (28/48) | | | 47.2 | 1 | RASP, VAS, ODI, EBL, DS | NA | | Lu et al. [20] | 2015 | China (Taiwan) | Retro | III | DIAM | 42 (14/28) | 49 (16/33) | | | 41.5 | 2-4 | RASP, CASP, LL, VAS, ODI | Dural tear, infection, deep vein thrombosis, acute myocardial infarction | | Zhu et al. [8] | 2015 | China | Retro | III | Wallis | 23 (12/11) | 22 (8/14) | | | 24 | 1 | VAS, JOA | NA | | Lee et al. [21] | 2015 | Korea | Retro | III | DTO/Nflex | 10 (5/5) | 15 (11/4) | | | 48 | 2 | RASP, LL, VAS, ODI | Pseudoarthrosis | | Lee et al. [22] | 2013 | Korea | Retro | III | DIAM | 50 (20/30) | 25 (10/25) | | | 46.8 | 1 | RASP | NA | | Liu et al. [9] | 2012 | China | Retro | III | Coflex | 48 (20/28) | 31 (11/20) | 41.5 | 44.6 | 24 | 1 | LL, VAS, JOA, EBL, DS | NA | | Putzier et al. [23] | 2010 | Germany | Pro | II | Dynesys | 30 (16/14) | 30 (13/17) | 44.6 | 44.9 | 76.4 | 1 | RASP, CASP, VAS, ODI | Implant loosening, pseudoarthrosis, implant breakage |
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