A Predictive Model for Tumor Invasion of the Inferior Vena Cava Wall Using Multimodal Imaging in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma and Inferior Vena Cava Tumor Thrombus

Table 3

Multivariable associations of multimodal image parameters predicting IVC wall invasion.

Features	Univariate analysis; OR (95% CI)		Multivariable analysis; OR (95% CI)
Maximum IVC AP diameter, mm	6.580 (3.295-9.865)	<0.001
IVC AP diameter at the RVo, mm	1.181 (1.081-1.290)	<0.001
Residual IVC blood flow	0.477 (0.288-0.666)	<0.001	0.170 (0.047-0.611)	0.007
Maximum coronal IVC diameter, mm	7.101 (4.887-9.314)	<0.001	1.203 (1.065-1.360)	0.003
Coronal IVC diameter at the RVo, mm	6.489 (4.219-8.753)	<0.001
Bland thrombus in the IVC on CT/MRI	0.473 (0.289-0.656)	<0.001	3.216 (0.870-11.887)	0.080
Complete IVC occlusion at the RVo on CT/MRI	0.372 (0.180-0.564)	<0.001

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; AP: anterior-posterior; IVC: inferior vena cava; IVCTT: IVC tumor thrombus; RVo: renal vein ostium; CT/MRI: computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging.