Short-Term Effects of Supplemental L-Arginine, Diosmin, Troxerutin, and Hesperidin in Diabetic Patients: A Pilot Study

Table 2

Comparison of the hematological and biochemical parameters evaluated at three time points in the 105 study participants.

Laboratory parameter	T0		T1		T2		T1-T0 difference			T2-T0 difference
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	value	Mean	SD	value
WBC (×10^9/L)	7.89	2.09	7.60	1.93	7.70	2.13	-0.29	1.14	0.010			NS
RBC (×10^12/L)	4.92	0.40	4.78	0.46	4.79	0.42			NS			NS
Hb (g/L)	144.68	13.53	141.36	13.69	140.94	13.42			NS			NS
HCT (%)	43.17	3.48	42.22	3.82	42.10	3.58			NS			NS
MCV (fL)	87.24	8.93	88.40	4.67	88.12	4.61			NS			NS
MCH (pg)	29.46	2.07	29.61	2.07	29.60	2.18			NS			NS
MCHC (g/L)	334.99	12.76	334.72	11.41	334.70	12.39			NS			NS
RDW-SD (fL)	42.54	3.08	42.89	2.79	42.67	3.09			NS			NS
RDW-CV (%)	13.28	0.87	13.33	0.93	13.30	0.89			NS			NS
PDW (%)	12.66	2.11	12.37	2.09	12.32	1.99			NS			NS
MPV (fL)	10.48	1.29	10.42	0.91	10.44	0.88			NS			NS
P-LCR (%)	29.87	7.50	28.60	7.30	30.82	22.76			NS			NS
PLT (×10^9/L)	237.27	61.42	227.28	60.17	232.48	58.42	-9.99	22.52	<0.001	-4.79	23.13	0.036
HbA1C (%)	7.26	1.16	7.15	1.07	7.16	1.10			NS			NS
HbA1C (mmol/mol)	61.09	54.59	54.63	11.68	54.85	12.08			NS			NS
Creatinine (μmol/L)	72.31	24.46	76.36	26.75	75.89	26.88			NS			NS
eGFR (mL/sec/m^2)	0.88	0.23	0.87	0.20	0.87	0.19			NS			NS
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.51	0.97	4.55	1.01	4.54	0.95			NS			NS
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.24	0.35	1.23	0.34	1.26	0.35			NS			NS
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.48	0.79	2.53	0.86	2.51	0.83			NS			NS
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.71	1.31	1.74	0.92	1.78	1.12			NS			NS
ApoA1 (g/L)	1.26	0.18	1.22	0.19	1.25	0.19	-0.04	0.15	0.013			NS
ApoB (g/L)	0.81	0.20	0.76	0.20	0.78	0.19	-0.05	0.12	<0.001	-0.03	0.14	0.020
ApoB/ApoA1ratio	0.63	0.15	0.60	0.14	0.60	0.15	-0.03	0.98	<0.01	-0.03	0.94	<0.01
GPT (ALT) (U/L)	32.06	24.24	28.70	14.91	29.10	15.41			NS			NS
hs-CRP (nmol/L)	36.70	43.77	33.62	39.94	37.50	46.40			NS			NS
Vitamin A (μmol/L)	2.30	0.64	2.28	0.74	2.15	0.65			NS			NS
β-Carotene (μmol/L)	0.33	0.36	0.46	0.37	0.38	0.34	+0.13	0.40	<0.01			NS
Arginine (μmol/L)	89.31	35.17	109.98	47.06	90.89	38.02	+20.67	40.24	<0.001			NS
ADMA (μmol/L)	0.45	0.11	0.52	0.11	0.51	0.10	+0.07	0.13	<0.001			NS
SDMA (μmol/L)	0.73	0.30	0.80	0.29	0.79	0.24			NS			NS
ADMA/arginine ratio	0.008	0.012	0.006	0.005	0.008	0.011			NS			NS

, , Significance level (<0.05; <0.01; <0.001). NS: not significant; ADMA: N^G,N^G,dimethyl-L-arginine; ApoA1: apolipoprotein A1; ApoB: apolipoprotein B; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; GOT/AST: glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase/aspartate aminotransferase; GPT/ALT: glutamate-pyruvate transaminase/alanine aminotransferase; Hb: hemoglobin; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; HCT: hematocrit; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MCH: mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC: mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV: mean corpuscular volume; MPV: mean platelet volume; PDW: platelet distribution width; P-LCR: platelet large cell ratio; PLT: platelets; RBC: red blood cells; RDW-CV: red blood cell distribution width-coefficient of variation; RDW-SD: red blood cell distribution width-standard deviation; SDMA: symmetric dimethylarginine; T0: time point at baseline; T1: time point after three months of dietary supplementation with Flebotrofine®; T2: time point one month after treatment suspension; WBC: white blood cells.