Whole Volume Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Histogram as a Quantitative Imaging Biomarker to Differentiate Breast Lesions: Correlation with the Ki-67 Proliferation Index

Figure 4

A 62-year-old woman with left breast invasive carcinoma (luminal A). T2-weighted imaging (a) shows a round right breast mass, , with heterogeneous signals. Fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (b) shows a significant heterogeneous enhancement mass. Diffusion weighted imaging (c) shows high signal mass. (d, e) show the measurement process of whole lesion region of interest (ROI) measurement: manually drawn large 2D-ROIs on each slice (d), then combined multiple 2D-ROI slices to create a 3D-ROI (e). (f) is the whole tumour ADC histogram: ADC_mean: 0.947; ADC-10%: 0.727; ADC-50%: 0.896; ADC-90%: 1.263 (unit: 10^-3mm²/s); skewness: 1.28; kurtosis: 2.61; entropy: 5.89. (g) HE staining shows left breast invasive carcinoma (HE staining: ×100).

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