Characterization of Medication Trends for Chronic Kidney Disease: Mineral and Bone Disorder Treatment Using Electronic Health Record-Based Common Data Model
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of subjects from three different hospitals.
Baseline characteristics
A hospital ()
B hospital ()
C hospital ()
value
Age group (%)
20–24
<1
<1
<1
NA†
25–29
<1
<1
<1
30–34
1.51
<1
1.18
35–39
2.33
2.06
2.11
40–44
3.87
2.35
2.63
45–49
6.17
4.00
4.18
50–54
8.86
6.60
5.49
55–59
9.48
9.60
8.83
60–64
10.84
10.14
10.20
65–69
12.10
13.03
11.75
70–74
15.02
15.25
14.51
75–79
14.03
15.05
16.19
80–84
9.73
11.01
13.05
Over 85
3.69
8.82
7.68
Sex (%)
0.14
Male
60.54
59.93
58.79
Female
39.46
40.07
41.21
Medical history (%)
Hypertension
52.68
41.47
60.3
<0.001
Diabetes
31.06
17.89
26.85
<0.001
Dyslipidemia
6.32
5.56
20.5
<0.001
Cerebrovascular disease
9.17
8.45
14.98
<0.001
Heart failure
5.12
7.46
5.08
<0.001
CKD stage 5‡
14.29
6.64
8.66
<0.001
CKD stage 4‡
8.52
7.75
12.94
<0.001
CKD stage 3‡
3.29
24.32
30.77
<0.001
Charlson comorbidity index, mean (SD)
4.06 (2.30)
4.15 (1.94)
4.40 (2.27)
<0.001
Medication use (%)
Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system
50.06
61.17
58.21
<0.001
Beta-blocking agents
36.70
48.43
41.98
<0.001
Calcium channel blockers
50.42
61.29
56.53
<0.001
Diuretics
47.20
63.36
59.2
<0.001
Antidiabetic drugs
39.96
53.71
47.58
<0.001
Lipid-modifying agents
59.26
71.39
61.61
<0.001
Antithrombotic agents
52.24
67.31
61.62
<0.001
Opioids
57.67
62.94
63.96
<0.001
Anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products
65.25
76.59
76.06
<0.001
Corticosteroids
37.81
39.86
43.47
<0.001
†To protect individual data, results under the 1% cannot be calculated in the ATLAS program. Chi-square test for the age group cannot be performed. ‡In a table, CKD stage was categorized by only Standard Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) diagnosis code (CKD stage 5: 443611; CKD stage 4: 443612; CKD stage 3: 443597). Abbreviations: CKD: chronic kidney disease; NA: not applicable; SD: standard deviation.
