The Influence of Serum Uric Acid Level on Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review

Table 1

Latest prospective studies that assessed the relationship between SUA and AD.

First author, journal year [Ref]	Population	Duration	Main results
Scheepers et al. 2019 [4]	1462 females	44 years	Lower risk of AD in women with higher SUA (HR 0.78; CI 0.66–0.91).
Latourte et al. 2018 [5]	1598 individuals	12 years	Significant risk of VD or mixed dementia in patients with higher SUA levels (HR 3.66, 95% CI: 1.29–10.41, ), compared to AD (HR 1.55 (95% CI 0.92 to 2.61), ).
Alam et al. 2020 [6]	11,169 individuals	24.1-year median follow-up period	After adjustment including cardiovascular risk factors, SUA and incident dementia showed an uncorrelated outcome (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.88, 1.21). Elevated baseline levels of SUA were relevant to faster decline of cognition (25-year global -score difference, -0.149; 95% CI, -0.246, -0.052).
Cao et al. 2020 [7]	502,528 individuals	8.1-year median follow-up period	People in the lowest level group of SUA had a 25% increased risk of dementia compared to those in the highest SUA level group (, 95% CI: 0.64-0.87).
Ye et al.2016 [29]	1064 subjects (197 AD, 596 MCI, and 271 HC)	Mean duration 2.9 years	Higher levels of uric acid were associated with slower cognitive decline, particularly in the MCI and AD subgroups and more prominently in female subjects ().