[Retracted] Effects of Tai Chi on Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 2

Outcome of eligible studies.

Studies	Cognitive function				Physical activity	Psychological evaluation	Biomarkers
	Global cognitive function	Memory and learning	Visuospatial ability	Executive function
Sungkarat et al. [15]	N	Logical Memory-delayed recall	Block Design Test	Digit span, TMT	N	N	N
Sungkarat et al. [16]	N	Logical Memory-delayed recall	e Block Design Test	Digit span, TMT	N	N	BDNF, TNF-α, IL-10
Chan et al. [25]^#	MMSE	MIC	N	NR	SF-12	N	N
Fogarty et al. [26]^#	TEA, HVLT	RBMT, MAC-SR, digit symbol	N	Digit span, TMT	RAPA scale, SF-36	N	N
Lam et al. [27]	CDR-SOB, ADAS-Cog, MMSE	N	Visual span	Digit span	N	CSDD, NPI	N
Xu et al. [28]	ADAS-Cog, MoCA	Logical Memory delayed recall	N	N	EQ-VAS, PASE, EQ-5D	GDS-15, GAS-20	N
Birimoglu Okuyan and Deveci [29]	(FaB scale) cognitive adaptations	N	N	N	PASE	N	N

Note: CDR = Clinical Dementia Rating; ADAS-Cog = Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; TEA = Test of Everyday Attention; HVLT = Hopkins Verbal Learning Test; MoCA = Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MIC = Memory Inventory for Chinese; RMBT = Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test; MAC-SR = Memory Assessment Clinics Scale; TMT = Trail-Making Test; sF-12 = short-form 12; RAPA = Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity; SF-36 = RAND 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey-Medical Outcomes Study; PASE = Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly; EQ-VAS = EuroQol-visual analogue scale; EQ-5D = EuroQol-5 Dimension; NPI = Chinese Neuropsychiatric Inventory; CSDD = Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia; BDNF = brain-derived neurotrophic factor; IL-10 = interleukin-10; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α; N = no report; ^#no data extracted.