The Effect of Preoperative Biliary Drainage with or without Pancreatic Stenting on Complications after Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Table 3

Outcomes of patients’ PS group and NPS group.

	[all]	NPS	PS	value
	Complication criteria				0.57
None	26 (31.3%)	15 (27.8%)	11 (37.9%)
Mild	42 (50.6%)	28 (51.9%)	14 (48.3%)
Severe	15 (18.1%)	11 (20.4%)	4 (13.8%)
Bile anastomotic leakage	7 (8.43%)	4 (7.41%)	3 (10.3%)	0.691
Bleeding				0.846
Blood transfusion	11 (13.3%)	8 (14.8%)	3 (10.3%)
Dead	2 (2.41%)	2 (3.70%)	0 (0.00%)
Hemostasis	3 (3.61%)	2 (3.70%)	1 (3.45%)
None	67 (80.7%)	42 (77.8%)	25 (86.2%)
Abdominal infection				0.670
Interventional therapy	10 (12.0%)	8 (14.8%)	2 (6.90%)
Medication	24 (28.9%)	15 (27.8%)	9 (31.0%)
None	49 (59.0%)	31 (57.4%)	18 (62.1%)
Surgical wound infection	13 (15.7%)	8 (14.8%)	5 (17.2%)	0.761
Gastrointestinal dysfunction	9 (10.8%)	3 (5.56%)	6 (20.7%)	0.060
Organ dysfunction	6 (7.23%)	5 (9.26%)	1 (3.45%)	0.660
Pancreatic anastomotic leakage				0.380
None	58 (69.9%)	36 (66.7%)	22 (75.9%)
A	8 (9.64%)	7 (13.0%)	1 (3.45%)
B	17 (20.5%)	11 (20.4%)	6 (20.7%)