The Effect of Preoperative Biliary Drainage with or without Pancreatic Stenting on Complications after Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Table 4

The univariate and multivariate analysis of predictive factors for postoperative delayed gastric emptying.

	[ALL]	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
		OR	value	OR	value
Sex (male)	41 (49.4%)	2.16 [0.51;11.5]	0.313
Age	58.0 [51.5; 63.0]	1.07 [0.98; 1.18]	0.085	1.07 [0.97; 1.17]	0.146
BMI			0.310
Fat	35 (42.2%)	Ref.
Low	4 (4.82%)	NA
Normal	44 (53.0%)	NA
Stay time	18.0 [14.0; 22.5]	0.99 [0.93; 1.06]	0.924
Tumor location			0.522
Ampulla	31 (37.3%)	Ref.
Bile duct	22 (26.5%)	3.05 [0.51; 26.7]
Duodenum	14 (16.9%)	2.36 [0.22; 25.0]
Pancreas	16 (19.3%)	1.02 [0.03; 13.6]
Blood transfusion	414 (490)	1.00 [1.00; 1.00]	0.145
Operation duration	366 [306; 454]	1.00 [1.00; 1.01]	0.524
Biliary drainage			1.000
ENBD	66 (79.5%)	Ref.
Metal biliary stent	1 (1.20%)	NA
Plastic bile duct stent	16 (19.3%)	NA
PDS	29 (34.9%)	4.25 [0.99; 22.9]	0.0472	4.36 [0.97; 19.42]	0.053
Bile leakage	7 (8.43%)		1.000
Bleeding			0.636
Blood transfusion	11 (13.3%)	Ref.
Dead	2 (2.41%)	NA
Hemostasis	3 (3.61%)	NA
None	67 (80.7%)	NA
Abdominal infection			1.000
Interventional therapy	10 (12.0%)	Ref.
Medication	24 (28.9%)	0.78 [0.06; 26.7]
None	49 (59.0%)	1.14 [0.16; 32.2]
Surgical wound infection	13 (15.7%)	0.72 [0.03; 4.63]	1.000
Organ dysfunction	6 (7.23%)		1.000
Pancreatic leakage			0.866
0	58 (69.9%)	Ref.
A	8 (9.64%)	NA
B	17 (20.5%)	NA