Medicinal Plants with Prospective Benefits in the Management of Peptic Ulcer Diseases in Ghana

Table 2

Reported pharmacological peptic ulcer studies (ulcer models and clinical studies) done on the list of ethnomedicinal plants with folkloric use for peptic ulcer disease.

Plant Name	Family	Part used	Pharmacological studies	References
(1) Chromolaena odorata (C. odorata)	Asteraceae	Leaves	Ethanol-induced ulcer model	[30, 31]
(2) Alchornea cordifolia (A. cordifolia)	Euphorbiaceae	Leaves	Pylorus ligation, HCI/ethanol-induced, indomethacin, ethanol, and histamine ulcer models	[44–46]
(3) Blighia sapida (B. sapida)	Sapindaceae	Leaves	HCl-ethanol, ethanol, cold-restraint stress, indomethacin, and pylorus ligation ulcer models	[55]
(4) Cyperus rotundus (C. rotundus)	Cyperaceae	Whole plant	Pylorus ligation, aspirin, and histamine-induced gastric ulcer models	[62–64]
(5) Azadirachta indica (A. indica)	Meliaceae	Leaves	Pylorus ligation, cold-restraint stress, ethanol, indomethacin, aspirin, and acetic acid-induced ulcer models; In patients, the bark extract of A. indica has therapeutic potential for the management of gastro/duodenal ulcers	[10, 70, 71, 74, 75]
(6) Calotropis procera (C. procera)	Apocynaceae	Leaves	Aspirin, ethanol, indomethacin, pylorus ligation, and aspirin-induced ulcer models	[83, 84, 86]
(7) Hoslundia opposita (H. opposita)	Labiatae	Leaves and roots	H. opposita aqueous extract against Helicobacter pylori was demonstrated in AGS human stomach cells	[95]
(8) Kigelia africana (K. africana)	Bignoniaceae	Leaves	Aspirin, histamine, and ethanol-induced ulcer models	[102, 107–110]
(9) Spathodea campanulata (S. campanulata)	Bignoniaceae	Stem bark	Aspirin, pylorus ligation, forced swim stress, and indomethacin-induced ulcer models	[118, 119]
(10) Mangifera indica (M. indica)	Anacardiaceae	Leaves	Aspirin, pylorus ligation, ethanol, stress, and HCl/ethanol ulcer-induced models	[125, 127–129]
(11) Paullinia pinnata (P. pinnata)	sapindaceae	All parts
(12) Strophanthus hispidus (S. hispidus)	Apocynaceae	Roots	Ethanol, HCl, pylorus ligation, and aspirin-induced ulcer models	[145, 146]
(13) Zingiber officinale (ginger)	Zingiberaceae	Rhizome	Indomethacin-induced ulcer models	[153, 154]