Increase in Free Hepatic Venous Pressure Response to Beta-Blockers Predicts Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhotic Patients

Table 1

Patients’ demographics, liver disease characteristics, clinical presentation, and hemodynamic parameters.

	Total
Mean age(years)
Gender male/female	34/28
Etiology virus/alcoholic/PBC^1/others	37/7/5/13
PLT^2 (×10^9/L)
TBil^3 (μmol/L)
Creatinine (μmol/L)
Albumin (g/L)
PT^4 (s)
INR^5
CTP^6 scores	7 (5-9)
CTP stage A/B/C	31/31/0
Ascites
No/mild/moderate/massive	24/22/15/1
Splenectomy yes/no	3/59
Baseline WHVP^7 (mmHg)
Baseline FHVP^8 (mmHg)
Baseline HVPG^9 (mmHg)
Baseline RAP^10 (mmHg)
Secondary WHVP (mmHg)
Secondary FHVP (mmHg)
Secondary HVPG (mmHg)
Secondary RAP (mmHg)
WHVP decrease value (mmHg)
WHVP decrease percentage (%)
FHVP increase value (mmHg)
FHVP increase percentage (%)
HVPG decrease value (mmHg)
HVPG decrease percentage (%)
Median follow-up time (m)	12.84 (0.06-49.00)

¹PBC: primary biliary cirrhosis; ²PLT: platelets; ³TBil: total bilirubin; ⁴PT: prothrombin time; ⁵INR: international standard ratio; ⁶CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; ⁷WHVP: wedged hepatic vein pressure; ⁸FHVP: free hepatic vein pressure; ⁹HVPG: hepatic venous pressure gradient; ¹⁰RAP: right atrial pressure. Ascites: (1) mild: patients generally have abdominal distension, the ascites can only be detectable by an ultrasound examination, and the depth is <3 cm. (2) Moderate: the patient often has moderate and symmetrical abdominal distension, and the depth is 3–10 cm. (3) Massive: the patient has a significant bloating. The ascites detected by ultrasound occupy the entire abdominal cavity, and the depth is >10 cm.