Proanthocyanidins as a Potential Novel Way for the Treatment of Hemangioma

Table 1

Clinical trials of various treatments in hemangioma.

Author, year	Intervention	Cases (F/M)	Age (Mon)	Dose	Location	Efficiency	Side effects
Holmes et al. 2011 [13]	Propranolol	31	1.2-9.7	3 mg/kg/d	81% facial; 10% upper limbs; 6% perineum; 3% lower limbs	87%	1 hypotension
							2 gastro-esophageal
							1 bronchiolitis
Li et al. 2015 [23]	Propranolol	17 (10/7)	2-11	1 mg/kg/d	100% facial	—	2 diarrhea
							1 sleep disturbance
Léaute-Labrèze et al. 2015 [24]	Propranolol	456 (325/131)	1–5	1-3 mg/kg/d	70% facial; 30% nonfacial	60%	6 hypotension
							3 bronchospasm
							2 bradycardia
							2 hypoglycemia
							Other risks (diarrhea, sleep disorder, bronchitis, etc.)
Hogeling et al. 2011 [25]	Propranolol	19 (14/5)	2-60	1-2 mg/kg/d	90% facial; 5% torso; 5% limb	97%	1 transient cool extremities
							4 bronchiolitis
							2 hemangioma ulceration
							4 disturbances
Kim et al. 2017 [26]	Corticosteroid	47 (39/8)	0.8-8.0	2 mg/kg/d	76% facial; 24% nonfacial	91.94%	1 hypotension
							7 hypotension
							2 growth disability
Tay et al. 2012 [22]	Pulsed dye laser	23 (19/4)	2.5-19	595 nm	91% facial; 9% nonfacial	100%	3 hyperpigmentation
							4 hypopigmentation
							3 mild textural changes
Kono et al. 2011 [27]	Pulsed dye laser	A: 26(16/10); B: 26(14/12)	1-3	A: 585 nm; B: 595 nm	100% facial	A: 88%; B: 100%	11 hypopigmentation
							6 hyperpigmentation
							7 texture change
							1 ulcer formation

indicates the number of cases with side effects.