Factors Influencing Viral Clearance in Mild COVID-19 and Clinical Characteristics of Asymptomatic Patients
Table 1
Demographics and clinical characteristics of the patients at baseline.
Total
Mildly symptomatic
Total confirmed SARS-COV-2
Viral clearance
Viral persistence
value
Symptomatic
Asymptomatic
value
Age (years)
43 (33-53)
37 (28-46)
48 (37-52)
0.006
40 (32.5-51.75)
53 (34-55)
0.040
Sex ( (%))
0.522
0.332
Male
50 (60.2%)
23 (65.7%)
21 (58.3%)
45 (62.5%)
5 (45.6%)
Female
33 (39.8%)
12 (34.3%)
15 (41.7%)
27 (37.5%)
6 (54.5%)
BMI
24 (21.6-25.6)
24.6 (22.9-26.6)
23.3 (21.2-24.9)
0.028
24.2 (21.8-25.9)
22.4 (20.8-25.4)
0.271
Source of infection ( (%))
0.374
0.104
Family cluster
33 (39.8%)
11 (31.4%)
15 (41.7%)
26 (36.1%)
7 (63.6%)
Imported from Wuhan
50 (60.2%)
24 (68.6%)
21 (58.3%)
46 (63.9%)
4 (36.4%)
Underlying comorbidity
30 (36.1%)
8 (22.9%)
17 (47.2%)
0.032
26 (36.1%)
4 (36.4%)
1.000
Hypertension
7 (8.5%)
2 (5.7%)
4 (11.1%)
0.414
6 (8.3%)
1 (9.1%)
1.000
Congenital heart disease
1 (1.2%)
0 (0%)
1 (2.8%)
1.000
1 (1.4%)
0
1.000
Diabetes
4 (4.9%)
1 (2.9%)
3 (8.3%)
0.614
4 (5.6%)
0
1.000
Chronic hepatitis
6 (7.3%)
3 (8.6%)
3 (8.3%)
1.000
6 (8.3%)
0
1.000
Chronic lung disease
5 (6.02%)
1 (2.9%)
2 (5.6%)
1
4 (5.6%)
1 (9.1%)
0.518
Postoperative biliary diseases
5 (6.1%)
1 (2.9%)
3 (8.3%)
0.614
4 (5.6%)
1 (9.1%)
0.518
Chronic dyspepsia
3 (3.7%)
1 (2.9%)
2 (5.6%)
1
3 (4.2%)
0
1.000
Cerebrovascular disease
1 (1.2%)
1 (2.9%)
0
0.493
1 (1.4%)
0
1.000
Chronic kidney disease
2 (2.4%)
0
1 (2.8%)
1
1 (1.4%)
1 (9.1%)
0.249
Temperature
37.2 (36.6-37.6)
37.3 (36.8-37.7)
36.8 (36.5-37.4)
0.849
37.3 (36.8-37.8)
36.6 (36.1-37.0)
0.002
Pulse beats per min
90 (81-99)
90 (78-97)
92 (84-100)
0.343
90.5 (81.5-99.8)
84 (73-92)
0.148
Respiratory rate
20 (19-20)
20 (20-20)
20 (19-20)
0.383
20 (19-20)
20 (18-20)
0.314
Systolic blood pressure
126 (116-136)
123 (116-135)
130 (122-140)
0.521
126.5 (116.5-136)
121 (114-141)
0.657
White blood cell count
4.28 (3.54-5.57)
4.28 (3.6-5.03)
4.30 (3.32-5.84)
0.365
4.29 (3.53-5.48)
4.2 (3.56-7.02)
0.638
Lymphocyte count (×109/L)
1.2 (0.9-1.4)
1.2 (0.8-1.4)
1.05 (0.8-1.4)
0.823
1.1 (0.8-1.4)
1.3 (1.0-1.7)
0.205
≥1
57 (68.7%)
26 (74.3%)
20 (55.6%)
0.099
47 (65.3%)
10 (90.9%)
0.160
<1
26 (31.3%)
9 (25.7%)
16 (44.3%)
25 (34.7%)
1 (9.1%)
Hemoglobin (g/L)
133 (125-145)
135 (126-146)
133 (121-147)
0.817
134 (125.3-146.8)
133 (123-139)
0.582
Platelet count (×10⁹/L)
137 (118-167)
143 (119-167)
140 (118-176)
0.472
137 (118-165)
149 (107-173)
0.586
Total bilirubin (μmol/L)
12.4 (9.8-15.8)
11.8 (9.7-15.2)
12.8 (9.1-15.8)
0.68
12.1 (9.63-15.75)
13 (11.6-17.9)
0.179
ALT (U/L)
29 (18-44)
31 (24-45)
29 (20-48)
0.994
29 (21-44.75)
18 (16-34)
0.057
AST (U/L)
27 (22-38)
29 (22-38)
28 (23-42)
0.391
28.5 (23-38.75)
24 (20-29)
0.105
Albumin (g/L)
39.7 (37.3-41.6)
39.8 (37.8-42.8)
39.8 (36.5-41.4)
0.419
39.8 (37.3-41.58)
38.6 (34.4-42.9)
0.506
<40
39(47%)
18 (51.4%)
14(38.9%)
0.288
32(44.4%)
7(63.6%)
0.235
Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L)
140 (118-177)
143 (116-171)
149 (121-184)
0.25
146.5 (118-178.5)
134 (110-139)
0.227
C-reactive protein (mg/L)
10.4 (3.3-24.4)
11.1 (3.7-24.4)
14.1 (6.3-38.8)
0.097
12.05 (4.15-28)
3.1 (1.8-4.1)
0.001
>6
52 (63%)
22 (62.9%)
28 (77.8%)
0.168
50 (69.4%)
2 (18.2%)
0.002
Procalcitonin (ng/mL)
0.058 (0.043-0.081)
0.058 (0.045-0.081)
0.06 (0.044-0.082)
0.272
0.059 (0.045-0.082)
0.043 (0.038-0.055)
0.019
High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (pg/mL)
8.5 (6.7-11)
8.05 (5.73-9.55)
7.5 (6.2-10.5)
0.897
7.9 (5.88-10.4)
11.2 (9.35-13.5)
0.008
D-dimer (μg/mL)
0.41 (0.34-0.53)
0.37 (0.34-0.495)
0.42 (0.34-0.54)
0.096
0.41 (0.34-0.53)
0.43 (0.34-0.64)
0.528
>0.5
21 (28.4%)
7 (21.2%)
10 (32.3%)
0.317
17 (26.2%)
4 (40%)
0.452
APTT (s)
40.8 (37.6-44.3)
41.6 (38.2-45.1)
40.7 (37.8-44.4)
0.938
41 (38.1-44.5)
37.2 (36.1-41.5)
0.113
>40
48 (57.8%)
21 (60%)
23 (63.9%)
0.736
44 (61.1%)
4 (36.4%)
0.189
Imaging features
0.547
0.124
Normal
10 (12%)
3 (8.6%)
4 (11.1%)
7 (9.7%)
3 (27.3%)
Pulmonary infiltration
73 (88%)
32 (91.4%)
32 (88.9%)
1.000
65 (90.3%)
8 (72.7%)
Bilateral ground-glass opacity
33 (39.8%)
13 (37.1%)
16 (44.4%)
30 (41.7%)
3 (27.3%)
Local infiltration
15 (18.1%)
7 (20%)
3 (8.3%)
10 (13.9%)
5 (45.5%)
Multiple patch opacity
25 (30.1%)
12 (34.3%)
13 (36.1%)
25 (34.7%)
0
Signs and symptoms
72 (86.6%)
Chills
24 (29.3%)
8 (22.9%)
16 (44.4%)
0.055
Fever
58 (70.7%)
29 (82.9%)
29 (80.6%)
0.802
Dry cough
24 (29.3%)
14 (40.0%)
10 (27.8%)
0.276
Expectoration
23 (28%)
7 (20%)
15 (41.7%)
0.048
Chest distress
11 (13.4%)
5 (14.3%)
6 (16.7%)
0.782
Pharyngalgia
9 (11%)
2 (5.7%)
7 (19.4%)
0.151
Anorexia
10 (12.2%)
5 (10.6%)
5 (14.3%)
0.478
Headache
6 (7.3%)
3 (8.6%)
3 (8.3%)
1.000
Dizziness
2 (2.5%)
2 (5.7%)
0
0.239
Fatigue
29 (35.8%)
11 (32.4%)
18 (50%)
0.134
Myalgia
18 (22%)
6 (17.1%)
12 (33.3%)
0.117
Nausea and/or vomiting
5 (6.1%)
1 (2.9%)
3 (8.3%)
0.614
Diarrhea or bellyache
4 (4.9%)
1 (2.9%)
3 (8.3%)
0.614
Shapeless stool
4 (4.9%)
2 (5.7%)
1 (2.8%)
0.614
Disease severity status
0.237
Asymptomatic
11 (13.3%)
Mild
71 (85.5%)
35 (49.3%)
36 (50.7%)
Severe
1 (1.2%)
Data are median (IQR) or (%), where “” is the number of discharged patients with laboratory-confirmed infections with SARS-CoV-2. values were calculated by the Mann-Whitney test, test, or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. ALT = alanine aminotransferase; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; APTT = activated partial thromboplastin time.
