Incidence and Risk Factors of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Cohort

Table 3

Proportional hazard Cox regression analysis to determine the independent factors associated with delirium.

Variables	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95% CI)	value	HR (95% CI)	value
Age	1.006 (0.991-1.021)	0.424
Gender (male vs. female)	0.689 (0.429-1.106)	0.123
Marital status (unmarried vs. married)	0.990 (0.667-1.447)	0.958
Smoking (yes vs. no)	1.850 (1.145-2.988)	0.012	0.869 (0.396-1.910)	0.727
Usage of mechanical ventilator (yes vs. no)	1.417 (1.237-3.735)	0.002	1.523 (1.197-2.388)	0.001
Head trauma (yes vs. no)	1.517 (1.014-2.267)	0.042	1.312 (0.837-2.059)	0.237
APACHE IV score	1.034 (0.982-1.090)	0.207
SOFA score	0.932 (0.803-1.082)	0.355
RASS score	1.217 (0.940-1.576)	0.135
VAP (yes vs. no)	0.458 (0.259-0.811)	0.007	0.488 (0.274-0.871)	0.055
Hospital LOS	0.975 (0.933-1.019)	0.258
ICU LOS	0.969 (0.913-1.028)	0.291

APACHE IV: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; RASS: Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale; MV: mechanical ventilator; VAP: ventilator-associated pneumonia; LOS: length of stay; HR: hazard ratio. Statistically significant <0.05.