Comprehensive Study on the Acrylamide Content of High Thermally Processed Foods

Table 1

Summary of reported AA extraction and derivatization methods in different food products.

Food sample	Extraction and analysis method	Reference
French fries	Extraction with water and subjected to solid-phase extraction (SPE). Derivatization with brominating reagent (KBr, HBr, and Br2 water)	[55]
	Extraction with water and 1,2-dichloroethane; Derivatization with xanthydrol solution and 1 mL of HCl at 40°C in the dark, then slightly alkalinized with KOH and followed by saturated NaCl. Then, AA derivative was extracted twice with EtAc.	[56]
Bakery products	Extracted with water and derivatized with the brominating reagent	[57]
	Extracted with water-methanol (80 : 20); Derivatization with xanthydrol and 1 mL HCl at 40°C in the dark; AA derivative was extracted with ethylene tetrachloride and methanol. Then directly injected into the GC-MS.	[58]
Cereals	The sample was mixed with water and shaken to get a soft dough. IS and KOH: ethanol (80 : 20) was added and centrifuged followed by the upper clear aqueous phase was separated.; Derivatization with xanthydrol and 1 mL HCl at 40°C in the dark. AA derivative was extracted using Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with tetrachloroethylene as extracting solvent and ethanol as a dispersing solvent, then directly injected into the GC-MS.	[59]
	The sample was spiked with IS and added distilled water, homogenized, and acidified to pH 4–5 by glacial acetic acid, and Carrez reagent was added, then centrifuged, and the supernatant was filtered, derivatized with calcinated KBr, HBr, and saturated Br2.	[60]
Coffee	Extraction was done by using MSPD.; Derivatization with the brominating reagent	[61]
Baby foods	The sample was defatted with n-hexane and vortexed. The supernatant was removed by filtration. Then, the solid was dried and spiked with IS, and the aqueous layer was filtered through a syringe filter.; Derivatized with the brominating reagent	[62]
Tomato	Extraction with water and derivatize with the brominating reagent	[63, 64]
Green tea	Extraction with water and subjected to SPE. Derivatization with the brominating reagent	[65]
Commercial frying oil	Extraction with water and defatting with hexane, followed by being subjected to SPE. Derivatization with xanthydrol solution and 1 mL of HCl at 40°C in the dark, then slightly alkalinized with KOH and followed by saturated NaCl. Then, AA derivative was extracted twice with EtAc.	[66]