Admission Serum Ionized and Total Calcium as New Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock

Table 3

The association between serum iCa levels and 30-day mortality in the subgroup analysis.

Characteristics		Q1 ()	Q2 ()	Q3 ()	Q4 ()
		HR (95% CI), value	HR (95% CI), value	Ref.	HR (95% CI), value
Age
≤72	446	1.87 (1.12, 3.11), 0.016	1.06 (0.61, 1.83), 0.833	1	1.23 (0.73, 2.08), 0.445
>72	475	1.67 (1.16, 2.39), 0.005	1.17 (0.80, 1.72), 0.421	1	1.43 (0.99, 2.06), 0.055
Sex
Male	555	1.92 (1.29, 2.86), 0.001	1.54 (1.03, 2.29), 0.035	1	1.44 (0.97, 2.13), 0.071
Female	366	1.38 (1.07, 2.14), 0.043	0.60 (0.35, 1.01), 0.054	1	1.10 (0.69, 1.75), 0.691
Current smoking
No	449	1.57 (1.02, 2.43), 0.041	1.06 (0.67, 1.69), 0.800	1	1.50 (0.97, 2.33), 0.070
Yes	472	1.86 (1.25, 2.77), 0.002	1.10 (0.72, 1.69), 0.656	1	1.13 (0.75, 1.70), 0.555
Etiology
ACS	620	1.71 (1.19, 2.46), 0.004	1.05 (0.71, 1.55), 0.803	1	1.31 (0.90, 1.89), 0.154
Others	301	1.64 (1.03, 2.71), 0.043	1.10 (0.64, 1.88), 0.726	1	1.24 (0.74, 2.08), 0.413
CAD
No	629	1.18 (0.69, 2.04), 0.545	0.78 (0.44, 1.39), 0.400	1	1.28 (0.75, 2.18), 0.36
Yes	292	1.99 (1.40, 2.82), <0.001	1.24 (0.85, 1.80), 0.262	1	1.28 (0.89, 1.84), 0.182
CHF
No	716	1.73 (1.24, 2.41), 0.001	1.09 (0.76, 1.56), 0.6276	1	1.36 (0.97, 1.90), 0.0701
Yes	205	1.61 (0.87, 2.99), 0.128	1.02 (0.53, 1.96), 0.9580	1	0.99 (0.50, 1.99), 0.9858
AF
No	476	2.02 (1.31, 3.11), 0.001	1.45 (0.93, 2.27), 0.105	1	1.55 (1.01, 2.39), 0.047
Yes	445	1.44 (1.06, 2.15), 0.045	0.79 (0.51, 1.23), 0.299	1	1.08 (0.71, 1.63), 0.731
Hypertension
No	606	1.44 (1.01, 2.05), 0.042	0.95 (0.65, 1.38), 0.791	1	1.32 (0.93, 1.86), 0.120
Yes	315	2.40 (1.40, 4.12), 0.002	1.40 (0.79, 2.50), 0.253	1	1.22 (0.67, 2.21), 0.510
PAD
No	775	1.65 (1.19, 2.28), 0.003	1.04 (0.73, 1.47), 0.843	1	1.32 (0.95, 1.83), 0.100
Yes	146	2.02 (1.01, 4.04), 0.046	1.23 (0.61, 2.50), 0.565	1	1.14 (0.55, 2.40), 0.721
DM
No	588	1.72 (1.19, 2.47), 0.004	1.15 (0.78, 1.70), 0.481	1	1.25 (0.85, 1.83), 0.249
Yes	333	1.67 (1.02, 2.74), 0.041	0.95 (0.56, 1.61), 0.853	1	1.34 (0.83, 2.18), 0.235
CKD
No	691	1.82 (1.31, 2.54), <0.001	1.06 (0.74, 1.52), 0.753	1	1.31 (0.93, 1.85), 0.128
Yes	230	1.76 (1.03, 2.42), 0.033	1.12 (0.59, 2.11), 0.731	1	1.24 (0.68, 2.27), 0.477
eGFR
≤60	565	1.58 (1.12, 2.24), 0.009	1.05 (0.73, 1.51), 0.808	1	1.36 (0.96, 1.92), 0.088
>60	356	1.75 (1.01, 3.04), 0.047	0.94 (0.50, 1.75), 0.839	1	1.04 (0.58, 1.86), 0.905

CS: cardiogenic shock; : number; iCa: ionized calcium; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; ACS: acute coronary symptom; CAD: coronary artery disease; CHF: chronic heart failure; AF: atrial fibrillation; PAD: peripheral artery disease; DM: diabetes mellitus; CKD: chronic kidney disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate.