Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice in Relation to Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting: A Systematic Review

Table 4

Barriers toward ADR reporting by the nurses.

Author, year	Barriers to ADR reporting (%)
	Lack of access to ADR forms	Lack of time	Lack of knowledge/training	Lack of motivation/feedback	Confidentiality/legal problem	Uncertainty in diagnosis	Lack of information provided by patients	Lack of promotion by the authorities	Difficulty in filling the form	Lack of importance	Not my responsibility	Well known ADRs
Abu Hammour et al. [40]		57.0	53.0		34.6		68.2	48.1		25.2
Ahmed et al. [42]			36.0			52.0			36.0	20.0
Al Rabayah et al. [41]	7.0	27.0	33.0	19.0		2.0				6.0	17.0
Bepari et al. [28]			12.5		9.4	23.4				54.7
Danekhu et al. [44]		0.8	44.4				15.9	38.9
Ekman et al. [47]	39.0	30.0	51.0			37.0						56.0
Ergün et al. [35]	38.0	40.0	52.0		53.0	27.0			36.0	36.0
Güner and Ekmekci [36]		3.0	10.5			14.9					14.9
John et al. [49]		33.0	45.1			49.5						31.9
Rajalakshmi et al. [30]			50.4	16.8		32.6				18.8
Shamim et al. [43]	59.4	55.0	49.2			26.1
Tandon et al. [31]			91.0			82.0			88.0	91.0
Median (IQR)	38.5 (14.7-50.2)	31.5 (9.0-51.2)	47.1 (33.7-51.7)	17.9	34.6 (22.0-43.8)	29.8 (21.2-50.1)	42.0	43.5	36.0	25.2 (18.8-57.7)	15.9	43.9

ADRs: adverse drug reactions.