Moroccan Bee Bread Improves Biochemical and Histological Changes of the Brain, Liver, and Kidneys Induced by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Figure 4

Effect of bee bread extract on plasmatic changes of (a) creatinine, (b) urea, (c) total protein, and (d) albumin induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles. DW: distilled water group; BB: bee bread group; TiO₂: titanium dioxide nanoparticle group; TiO₂+BB: titanium dioxide nanoparticles+bee bread group. The symbol () was used to present the statistical significance of the comparison between distilled water group (DW) and all groups using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc analysis (; ; ). The symbol (+) was used to present the statistical significance of the comparison between titanium dioxide nanoparticle group (TiO₂) and all groups using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc analysis (⁺; ⁺⁺; ⁺⁺⁺). Data are the means of three replicates and presented as the .

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