The Possible Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in Early Implant Failure

Table 1

Clinical studies about the relation between vitamin D and early implant failure.

Author name	Country	Sample size	Gender		Method	Result	Conclusion	Reference
			Male	Female
Mangano et al., 2018	Italy	885 humans	455	430	Cross-sectional	No significant relationship was found between implant failure and vitamin D deficiency	A dramatic increase in EDIFs with the lowering of vitamin D levels in the blood has been reported	[36]
Mangano et al., 2016	Italy	822 humans	429	398	Cross-sectional	No significant relationship was found between implant failure and vitamin D deficiency	Vitamin D deficiency has no impact on implant failure	[45]
Fretwurst et al., 2016	Germany (Freburg)	2 humans	2	—	Case report	Implant placement was successful after vitamin D supplementation in patients with vitamin D deficiency and early failed implants	Standard screening of vitamin D in dental implantology may be helpful given the evidence	[46]
Boas et al., 2019	Brazil	10 humans	—	—	Case control	Despite altered serum levels of vitamin D, there is no clinical correlation with osseointegration deficiency and bone remodeling system	Vitamin D insufficiency is not a real contraindication for implant placement	[8]
Vedururu et al., 2016	United States (Buffalo)	362 humans	—	—	Cross-sectional	Sixty-three (30%) patients had intake supplemented with vitamin D and 5 (1.3%) failures were reported. The number of failures in patients who are not taking vitamin D supplementation is 10 (2.7%)	The data suggest that vitamin D intake may minimize dental implant loss
Bryce and MacBeth, 2014	England	1 human	1	—	Case report	Five months postoperatively, no osseointegration of the implant was found. The patient was severely vitamin D deficient, and this may have contributed to the implant failure	Vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the failure of osseointegration in dental implants	[26]
Pereira et al., 2019	Brazil	244 humans	82	162	Case-control	The allele G of rs3782905 in the recessive model, together with the number of installed implants and gingival index, was significantly associated with implant failure	It is suggested that the allele G of rs3782905 in the recessive model may be a new genetic risk marker for dental implant loss	[47]
Alvim-Pereira et al., 2008	Brazil	207 humans	50	87	Case-control	No association between genotypes or alleles of VDR TaqI polymorphism and implant loss was found	More studies considering other polymorphic regions of the VDR gene might be performed to clarify its importance in implant loss physiopathology	[25]
Schulze-Späte et al., 2016	United States	20 humans	13	7	Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial	No significant difference in bone formation or graft resorption was detected between groups. However, in the vitamin D3 group, a significant association was found between increased vitamin D levels and a number of bone-resorbing osteoclasts around graft particles	Vitamin D3+ calcium supplementation improves serum vitamin D levels and potentially impacts local bone remodeling on a cellular level	[48]