Minimally Invasive Embedding of Saturated MSU Induces Persistent Gouty Arthritis in Modified Rat Model

Figure 5

Immunofluorescence revealed upregulation of IL-1β expression in the MSU embedding rat model. (a) Representative images of immunofluorescence showed regulation of cytokine expression in MSU embedding groups. IL-1β (green) expression was significantly upregulated in tissues. Similarly, TNF-α (red) is also highly expressed around MSU deposition. The arrow indicates a significant expression of IL-1β in cells surrounding MSU. (b) Further quantitative average optical (AO) analysis showed that the expression levels of two cytokines were upregulated with the increase of intervention frequencies ( for each group; one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests were applied for each cytokine). Data shown as the . Scale bars, 50 μm.

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