Mortality and Attrition Rates within the First Year of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation among People Living with HIV in Guangxi, China: An Observational Cohort Study

Table 3

Mortality rate of the first year in PLHIV who started ART between 2003 and June 2015 in Guangxi, China.

Variable	Number	Deaths	Person-years	Deaths per 100 person-years (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)		AHR (95% CI)
Total	58,115	3,035	51,066.90	5.94 (5.74-6.15)	—	—	—	—
Age (years)
18-34	18,358	684	16,591.47	4.12 (3.82-4.42)	Reference		Reference
35-49	19,290	974	17,079.86	5.70 (5.35-6.05)	1.38 (1.25-1.52)	<0.001	1.40 (1.26-1.55)	<0.001
50-70	17,457	1,091	15,016.71	7.27 (6.84-7.69)	1.74 (1.58-1.91)	<0.001	1.95 (1.74-2.17)	<0.001
≥70	3,010	286	2,378.87	12.02 (10.66-13.38)	2.80 (2.44-3.21)	<0.001	2.70 (2.31-3.15)	<0.001
Sex
Male	38,957	2,481	33,799.71	7.34 (7.06-7.62)	Reference		Reference
Female	19,158	554	17,267.19	3.21 (2.95-3.47)	0.44 (0.40-0.48)	<0.001	0.55 (0.50-0.60)	<0.001
Marital status
Married or cohabitation	40,224	1,976	35,698.49	5.54 (5.30-5.77)	Reference		Reference
Other	17,891	1,059	15,368.41	6.89 (6.49-7.30)	1.23 (1.14-1.33)	<0.001	1.20 (1.11-1.30)	<0.001
Route of HIV transmission
Heterosexual intercourse	49,608	2,494	43,780.65	5.70 (5.48-5.91)	Reference		Reference
Intravenous drug use	5,954	440	4,994.46	8.81 (8.01-9.61)	1.52 (1.37-1.68)	<0.001	1.27 (1.14-1.43)	<0.001
Homosexual intercourse	925	12	866.24	1.39 (0.62-2.15)	0.25 (0.14-0.44)	<0.001	0.50 (0.28-0.88)	0.016
Other	1,628	89	1,425.56	6.24 (4.98-7.51)	1.10 (0.89-1.36)	0.391	1.03 (0.83-1.28)	0.774
CD4 cell count (cells/μL) before ART
<200	34,774	2,622	30,201.91	8.68 (8.36-9.01)	Reference		Reference
200-350	16,252	283	14,605.50	1.94 (1.72-2.16)	0.22 (0.20-0.25)	<0.001	0.26 (0.23-0.30)	<0.001
350-500	4,550	48	4,076.29	1.18 (0.85-1.50)	0.14 (0.10-0.18)	<0.001	0.19 (0.14-0.25)	<0.001
≥500	1,648	16	1,459.20	1.10 (0.57-1.62)	0.13 (0.08-0.21)	<0.001	0.17 (0.10-0.27)	<0.001
Missing	891	66	724.00	9.12 (6.97-11.26)	1.03 (0.81-1.31)	0.824	1.21 (0.95-1.55)	0.129
Initial ART regimen
The first-line ART containing D4T	14,244	1,347	1,2276.66	10.97 (10.40-11.54)	Reference		Reference
The first-line ART containing AZT	23,059	791	20,389.98	3.88 (3.62-4.14)	0.35 (0.32-0.39)	<0.001	0.53 (0.49-0.59)	<0.001
The first-line ART containing TDF	13,965	547	12,508.72	4.37 (4.02-4.73)	0.40 (0.36-0.44)	<0.001	0.70 (0.62-0.79)	<0.001
The first-line ART containing LPV/r	4,510	263	3,765.83	6.98 (6.16-7.81)	0.63 (0.55-0.72)	<0.001	1.02 (0.88-1.18)	0.837
Other	2,337	87	2,125.71	4.09 (3.25-4.93)	0.38 (0.31-0.47)	<0.001	0.40 (0.32-0.50)	<0.001
Level of ART site
Provincial	10,920	475	9,810.33	4.84 (4.42-5.27)	Reference		Reference
Prefecture	22,525	953	20,001.78	4.76 (4.47-5.06)	0.98 (0.88-1.09)	0.718	1.14 (1.02-1.28)	0.020
County	24,670	1,607	21,254.79	7.56 (7.20-7.92)	1.54 (1.39-1.71)	<0.001	2.12 (1.90-2.37)	<0.001
Year of ART initiation
2003-2008	7,741	656	6,865.09	9.56 (8.84-10.27)	Reference		Reference
2009-2011	17,800	1,158	15,542.50	7.45 (7.03-7.87)	0.77 (0.70-0.85)	<0.001	0.77 (0.70-0.86)	<0.001
2012-2015	32,574	1,221	28,659.32	4.26 (4.03-4.49)	0.44 (0.40-0.49)	<0.001	0.49 (0.43-0.55)	<0.001

ART: antiretroviral therapy; D4T: stavudine; AZT: azidothymidine; TDF: tenofovir; LPV/r: ritonavir-boosted lopinavir; HR: hazard ratio; AHR: adjusted hazard ratio.