Variable Number Deaths Person-years Deaths per 100 person-years (95% CI) HR (95% CI) AHR (95% CI) Total 58,115 3,035 51,066.90 5.94 (5.74-6.15) — — — — Age (years) 18-34 18,358 684 16,591.47 4.12 (3.82-4.42) Reference Reference 35-49 19,290 974 17,079.86 5.70 (5.35-6.05) 1.38 (1.25-1.52) <0.001 1.40 (1.26-1.55) <0.001 50-70 17,457 1,091 15,016.71 7.27 (6.84-7.69) 1.74 (1.58-1.91) <0.001 1.95 (1.74-2.17) <0.001 ≥70 3,010 286 2,378.87 12.02 (10.66-13.38) 2.80 (2.44-3.21) <0.001 2.70 (2.31-3.15) <0.001 Sex Male 38,957 2,481 33,799.71 7.34 (7.06-7.62) Reference Reference Female 19,158 554 17,267.19 3.21 (2.95-3.47) 0.44 (0.40-0.48) <0.001 0.55 (0.50-0.60) <0.001 Marital status Married or cohabitation 40,224 1,976 35,698.49 5.54 (5.30-5.77) Reference Reference Other 17,891 1,059 15,368.41 6.89 (6.49-7.30) 1.23 (1.14-1.33) <0.001 1.20 (1.11-1.30) <0.001 Route of HIV transmission Heterosexual intercourse 49,608 2,494 43,780.65 5.70 (5.48-5.91) Reference Reference Intravenous drug use 5,954 440 4,994.46 8.81 (8.01-9.61) 1.52 (1.37-1.68) <0.001 1.27 (1.14-1.43) <0.001 Homosexual intercourse 925 12 866.24 1.39 (0.62-2.15) 0.25 (0.14-0.44) <0.001 0.50 (0.28-0.88) 0.016 Other 1,628 89 1,425.56 6.24 (4.98-7.51) 1.10 (0.89-1.36) 0.391 1.03 (0.83-1.28) 0.774 CD4 cell count (cells/μ L) before ART <200 34,774 2,622 30,201.91 8.68 (8.36-9.01) Reference Reference 200-350 16,252 283 14,605.50 1.94 (1.72-2.16) 0.22 (0.20-0.25) <0.001 0.26 (0.23-0.30) <0.001 350-500 4,550 48 4,076.29 1.18 (0.85-1.50) 0.14 (0.10-0.18) <0.001 0.19 (0.14-0.25) <0.001 ≥500 1,648 16 1,459.20 1.10 (0.57-1.62) 0.13 (0.08-0.21) <0.001 0.17 (0.10-0.27) <0.001 Missing 891 66 724.00 9.12 (6.97-11.26) 1.03 (0.81-1.31) 0.824 1.21 (0.95-1.55) 0.129 Initial ART regimen The first-line ART containing D4T 14,244 1,347 1,2276.66 10.97 (10.40-11.54) Reference Reference The first-line ART containing AZT 23,059 791 20,389.98 3.88 (3.62-4.14) 0.35 (0.32-0.39) <0.001 0.53 (0.49-0.59) <0.001 The first-line ART containing TDF 13,965 547 12,508.72 4.37 (4.02-4.73) 0.40 (0.36-0.44) <0.001 0.70 (0.62-0.79) <0.001 The first-line ART containing LPV/r 4,510 263 3,765.83 6.98 (6.16-7.81) 0.63 (0.55-0.72) <0.001 1.02 (0.88-1.18) 0.837 Other 2,337 87 2,125.71 4.09 (3.25-4.93) 0.38 (0.31-0.47) <0.001 0.40 (0.32-0.50) <0.001 Level of ART site Provincial 10,920 475 9,810.33 4.84 (4.42-5.27) Reference Reference Prefecture 22,525 953 20,001.78 4.76 (4.47-5.06) 0.98 (0.88-1.09) 0.718 1.14 (1.02-1.28) 0.020 County 24,670 1,607 21,254.79 7.56 (7.20-7.92) 1.54 (1.39-1.71) <0.001 2.12 (1.90-2.37) <0.001 Year of ART initiation 2003-2008 7,741 656 6,865.09 9.56 (8.84-10.27) Reference Reference 2009-2011 17,800 1,158 15,542.50 7.45 (7.03-7.87) 0.77 (0.70-0.85) <0.001 0.77 (0.70-0.86) <0.001 2012-2015 32,574 1,221 28,659.32 4.26 (4.03-4.49) 0.44 (0.40-0.49) <0.001 0.49 (0.43-0.55) <0.001