Overview of Candida albicans and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection Agents and their Biomolecular Mechanisms in Promoting Oral Cancer in Pediatric Patients

Figure 1

The pathways of carcinogenesis in the oral cavity through the oncogenetic HPV virus strain and Candida albicans. Several hypothetical mechanisms have been proposed for the fungal infection that can induce PMODs and malignant lesions in oral epithelium. The dysbiosis of the microbiota can play an important role with the subsequent alteration of the microbiome. There follows a synergism between “bad” bacteria with Candida albicans and HPV.