Neuropsychiatric Ramifications of COVID-19: Short-Chain Fatty Acid Deficiency and Disturbance of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Signaling

Figure 2

Gut dysbiosis, SCFA deficiency, and altered MGB axis in neuropsychiatric disorders and COVID-19. A schematic representation of a possible link between microbial signature defined by a decreased microbial diversity and richness and a deficiency in SCFA-producing bacteria and neuropsychiatric disorders and COVID-19. MDD: major depressive disorders; PD: Parkinson’s disease; MS: multiple sclerosis; MGB: microbiota-gut-brain axis; VN: vagal nerve; SCFAs: short-chain fatty acids; GBB: gut-blood barrier; BBB: brain-blood barrier.