Roles of Bile-Derived Exosomes in Hepatobiliary Disease

Table 2

Biomarkers in exosomes from various humoral sources.

System	Diseases	Source	Molecule	Application	AUC value	Ref.
Digestive system	Malignant biliary stenosis	Bile	EV concentrations	Diagnosis	1.0	[17]
	Cholangiocarcinoma	Bile	Multi-miR markers	Diagnosis	—	[18]
	Cholangiocarcinoma	Bile	ENST00000588480.1, ENST00000517758.1	Diagnosis; Prognosis	0.709	[19]
	Cholangiocarcinoma	Bile	Exosomal circ-CCAC1	Diagnosis	0.857	[30]
	Liver cancer	Plasma	Four exosomal tsRNAs	Diagnosis	—	[80]
	Pancreas cancer	Serum tissue	GPC1(+) crExos	Diagnosis	1.0	[81]
	Pancreas cancer	Blood	Glypican-1, CD63	Diagnosis	0.989	[82]
	Gastric cancer	Plasma culture media	Exosomal lncUEGC1	Diagnosis	0.876	[83]
Urogenital system	High-grade prostate cancer	Urine	ExoDx Prostate IntelliScore	Diagnosis	0.70	[84]
	Prostate cancer	Urine	miR-196a-5p, miR-501-3p	Diagnosis	0.73, 0.69	[85]
	High-grade prostate cancer	Urine	ExoDx Prostate IntelliScore	Diagnosis	0.77	[86]
	Prostate cancer	Urine	Exosomal metabolites	Diagnosis; Prognosis	—	[87]
	Castration-resistant prostate cancer	Plasma	miR-1290, miR-375	Prognosis	0.68	[88]
	Bladder cancer	Urine	MALAT1,PCAT-1, SPRY4-IT1	Diagnosis; Prognosis	0.813	[89]
	Cervical cancer	Plasma	Let-7d-3p, miR-30d-5p	Diagnosis	0.828	[90]
	Breast cancer	Serum	miR-21, miR-222, miR-200c	Diagnosis	—	[91]
Respiratory system	Lung cancer	Plasma	CD151, CD171, TSPAN8	Diagnosis	0.68, 0.60, 0.60	[92]
	Asthma	Culture medium	EPO, MBP, ECP	Diagnosis	—	[16]
Nervous system	Alzheimer’s disease	Blood CSF	Abeta42, T-tau, P-T181-tau	Diagnosis	0.98	[93]
	Relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis	CSF	Exosomal proteins	Diagnosis	—	[94]
Other diseases	Melanoma	Plasma	Melanoma-derived exosomes	Diagnosis; Prognosis	—	[95]
	Pheochromocytoma Paraganglioma	Serum	Exosomal dsDNA	Diagnosis	—	[96]
	Down syndrome	Blood	Abeta1-42, P-T181-tau, P-S396-tau	Diagnosis	—	[97]
	Preeclampsia	Plasma	PlGF, CTB-TIMP1, AV-PAI1	Diagnosis	0.96	[98]
	Multiple myeloma	Serum	Let-7b, miR-18a	Diagnosis prognosis	—	[99]