Long-Term Effect of an Exercise Training Program on Physical Functioning and Quality of Life in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 4
Results of cardiopulmonary exercise testing at the beginning, at the end of the 6-month study, and after the 3-month follow-up.
Group A ()
Group B ()
Baseline
6-month follow-up (end of exercise training)
9-month follow-up (3 months posttraining)
Change between baseline and 6-month follow-up
Change between 6- and 9-month follow-up
Baseline
6-month follow-up
9-month follow-up
Change between baseline and 6-month follow-up
Change between 6- and 9-month follow-up
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
(mmHg)
153 (21)
150.8 (27.8)
148.3 (18.9)
-1.7 (25.2)
-2.5 (25.0)
153 (19.4)
155 (22.6)
154.4 (22.1)
2.0 (23.1)
-0.6 (1.3)
(mmHg)
70 (10.4)
65.8 (6.7)
72.9 (9.2)
-4.2 (13.8)
7.1 (13.6)
73 (11.6)
71 (9.9)
70 (8.2)
-2.0 (14.0)
-1.0 (3.2)
(bpm)
157 (30.0)
153.3 (19.7)
159.7 (25.6)
-4.0 (28.3)
6.4 (22.0)
161 (33)
159.5 (25)
160.5 (23)
-1.4 (23.5)
1.0 (3.1)
Exercise time (min)
3.7 (2.4)
5.5 (2.0)
1.9 (1.6)a
-0.1 (1.6)
3.3 (1.0)
3.5 (1.5)
3.4 (1.5)
0.2 (2.1)
-0.1 (0.1)
6.8 (2.7)
8.4 (2.0)
2.0 (2.1)
-0.4 (2.0)
6.3 (1.2)
6.6 (1.7)
6.8 (1.6)
0.3 (2.3)
0.2 (0.4)
Peak VO2 (ml/kg/min)
16.8 (5.1)
18.3 (5.3)
1.7 (2.6)
-0.1 (1.3)
14.2 (2.1)
14.5 (2.6)
14.1 (2.2)
0.3 (2.2)
-0.3 (0.7)
Peak VO2 at AT (ml/kg/min)
12.5 (3.8)
12.5 (4.4)
12.7 (5.2)
0.1 (3.03)
-0.1 (3.7)
10.6 (1.9)
10.9 (1.2)
10.7 (1.1)
0.3 (9.2)
-0.2 (0.4)
VE (l/min)
64.5 (17.7)
68.2 (13.7)
69.8 (15)
3.7 (14.8)
1.6 (5.6)
59.2 (12.2)
61.3 (7.9)
60.8 (7.3)
2.1 (8.9)
-0.005 (0.8)
1.3 (0.4)
1.6 (0.5)
0.4 (0.4)a
-0.1 (0.3)
1.3 (0.4)
1.4 (0.5)
1.4 (0.4)
0.1 (0.3)
0.02 (0.8)
VE/VCO2 slope
50 (11.9)
45.4 (11.1)
-8.9 (14.9)
3.9 (11.4)
51 (17)
50.6 (18.2)
50.1 (24.1)
-0.4 (7.3)
-0.5 (34.8)
Data are expressed as mean (SD); : baseline vs. 6-month posttraining follow-up; a: Group A vs. B. : maximum diastolic blood pressure; METs: workload; : maximum systolic blood pressure; VE: ventilation; VE/VCO2: slope of expired minute ventilation for carbon dioxide; VCO2: volume of carbon dioxide after exhalation per minute; VO2 peak AT: peak oxygen consumption at AT; VO2 peak: peak oxygen consumption.
