Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Can Reduce the Incidence of Sepsis Compared with Flexible Ureteroscopy in Treating Solitary Proximal Ureteral Stone Patients with Positive Urine Culture

Table 1

Basic characteristics of including patients.

Variables	All patients ()	fURS ()	PCNL ()	value
Age (years)				0.074
Male, (%)	588 (64.6)	271 (65.8)	317 (63.7)	0.505
BMI (kg/m^2)				0.163
Preoperative urological condition, (%)
Hydronephrosis	131 (14.4)	34 (8.3)	97 (19.5)	<0.001
Indwelling stent	63 (6.9)	29 (7.0)	34 (6.8)	0.900
Stone characteristics
Stone size (mm)				<0.001
Left side, (%)	476 (52.3)	208 (50.5)	268 (53.8)	0.317
Comorbidities, (%)
Diabetes	74 (8.1)	39 (9.5)	35 (7.0)	0.180
Coronary heart disease	15 (1.6)	6 (1.5)	9 (1.8)	0.679
Hypertension	210 (23.1)	90 (21.8)	120 (24.1)	0.422
Urine test
Urine WBC, median (IQR) (cells/hpf)	52.0 (19.6-163.7)	46.0 (17.1-127.4)	59.0 (21.3-193.4)	0.024
Positive urine nitrite, (%)	55 (6.0)	23 (5.6)	32 (6.4)	0.595
Positive urine culture, (%)	100 (11.0)	38 (9.2)	62 (12.4)	0.121
Hematological test (10^9cells/L)
Serum WBC				0.164
Neutrophil				0.169
Lymphocyte				0.943
Biochemical test
Albumin (g/L)				0.662
Globulin (g/L)				0.061
AGR				0.051
Creatinine, median (IQR) (μmoI/L)	85.0 (69.0-108.0)	83.0 (68.0-108.0)	86.0 (70.0-109.0)	0.680
Cholesterol (mmol/L)				0.848
ASA, (%)				0.150
I	378 (41.5)	157 (38.1)	221 (44.4)
II	510 (56.0)	243 (59.0)	267 (53.6)
III	21 (2.3)	12 (2.9)	9 (1.8)
IV	1 (0.1)	0 (0.0)	1 (0.2)
Operation time, median (IQR) (min)	85.0 (66.0-110.0)	72.5 (58.0-89.0)	98.0 (78.0-120.0)	<0.001
Postoperative sepsis, (%)	46 (5.1)	27 (6.6)	19 (3.8)	0.061