Progressive Resistance Exercises plus Manual Therapy Is Effective in Improving Isometric Strength in Overhead Athletes with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 4

Comparison of the demographic characteristics and outcome measures between groups at baseline.

Characteristics	PRE plus MT group ()	MCE group ()
Age (years)			0.93
Height (cm)			0.76
Weight (kg)			0.66
Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m^2)			0.40
Symptom duration (months)			0.32
VAS level (E.A)			0.72
Years of playing			0.42
UT Str. (N)			0.98
MTr. Str. (N)			0.86
LT Str. (N)			0.16
SA Str. (N)			0.55
Supr. Str. (N)			0.41
A.D. Str. (N)			0.44
LD Str. (N)			0.08

Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; PRE plus MT group: progressive resistance exercises plus manual therapy group; MCE group: motor control exercise group; UT: upper trapezius; MTr.: middle trapezius; LT: lower trapezius; SA: serratus anterior; Supr: supraspinatus; AD: anterior deltoid; LD: latissimus dorsi; Str: strength; VAS: visual analogue scale; E.A: elevation activity; : level of significance set at <0.05; level of significance ; N: newtons.