Motor Organization in Schizencephaly: Outcomes of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Motor Tract Projections Correlate with the Different Domains of Hand Function

Table 1

Demographic data of patients with schizencephaly.

Case	Age	Sex	MRI findings		Motor	Cognition	Spasticity^5	Associated symptom
			Type	Associated anomaly	MMT (upper lower)
1	24	F	Rt F-T schizencephaly, closed lip	Lt F cortical dysplasia, absent septum pellucidum	N/G N/G	MMSE 30	None
2	61	F	Rt F-T schizencephaly, open lip	Absent septum pellucidum	N/F N/F	SQ 62^1	Lt 1
3	11	F	Rt F-T schizencephaly, open lip	Lt polymicrogyria, Lt arachnoid cyst, septo-optic dysplasia, absent septum pellucidum	G/F G/F	IQ 43^2, SQ 83^4	Lt 1	Seizure
4	6	F	Lt F schizencephaly, closed lip	Rt F polymicrogyria	F/N F/N	IQ 95^3, SQ 106^4	Rt 1
5	16	M	Lt F-T schizencephaly, open lip	Absent septum pellucidum	P/F P/F	IQ 61^2, SQ 76^4	Rt 1
6	25	M	Rt T-P schizencephaly, closed lip	Lt F-T cortical dysplasia	G/P G/P	IQ 45^1, SQ 37^4	Rt 2, Lt 3	Seizure
7	9	M	Lt F-T schizencephaly, closed lip	Rt cortical dysplasia, absent septum pellucidum	G/N G/N	IQ 82^2, SQ 93^4	Rt 1
8	8	F	Bilateral schizencephaly, Rt F-T open lip, Lt T-P closed lip	Absent septum pellucidum	G/P F/P	IQ 121^2, SQ 110^4	Lt 1
9	15	F	Bilateral schizencephaly, both F-T closed lip	—	P/P P/P	IQ 43^2, SQ 35^4	Rt 2, Lt 1
10	9	F	Lt F-T schizencephaly, open lip	—	F/N F/N	IQ 38^2, SQ 25^4	Rt 1
11	41	M	Bilateral schizencephaly, both P closed lip	Rt F cortical dysplasia	F/F T/T	MMSE 15	Rt 3, Lt 3
12	5	F	Rt schizencephaly, closed lip	—	N/G N/G	IQ 89^3	Lt 1

NP: not performed; NT: not testable; Rt: right; Lt: left; M: male; F: female; F-T-P: fronto-temporo-parietal; IQ: intelligence quotient; SQ: social quotient; MMSE: mini-mental state examination; MMT: manual muscle testing; Dx: diagnosis. ¹Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III; ²Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III; ³Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence; ⁴Social Maturity Scale; ⁵Modified Ashworth Scale.