The Effects of Switching from Sevoflurane to Short-Term Desflurane prior to the End of General Anesthesia on Patient Emergence and Recovery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Emergence variables of the two groups.

	Group-S ()	Group-SD ()	95% CI	value
Time to opening eyes on command (eye-opening) (s)			101–183	< 0.001
Time to endotracheal tube extubation (s)			116–210	< 0.001
Time to reach BIS 80 (s)			58–168	< 0.001
BIS at the time of eye-opening (s)			-4.4–0.4	0.100
Time from the pyridostigmine to the TOF ratio of 0.9 (s)			-28–128	0.204

Eye-opening time: Interval between when the volatile anesthetic was stopped at the end of the surgery and when the patient opened his/her eyes on oral command. Time to endotracheal tube extubation: from stopping administration of the volatile anesthetic and removing the endotracheal tube based on the patient’s sufficient recovery. Time to reach BIS 80: the duration from discontinuation of inhalation anesthetic to BIS reach value of 80. BIS at the time of opening eyes: the BIS value when the patient opened their eyes following the doctor’s command. Time from pyridostigmine administration to TOF ratio of 0.9: time elapsed from pyridostigmine administration to TOF ratio of 0.9. BIS: bispectral index; TOF: train of four; CI: confidence interval. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.