Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran: A Cohort Study of Clinical Profile, Risk Factors, and Outcomes
Table 2
Laboratory statistics of COVID-19 patients in Tehran.
Variables
Total ()
Survivor ()
Deceased ()
Cramer’s V/Eta
value
WBC (×103/μL)
—
7.3 (5.2, 10.5)
6.9 (5.0, 9.7)
9.1 (6.2, 13.2)
0.17
<0.001
Lymphs (%)
—
15.6 (10.0, 24.9)
17.9 (11.0, 25.4)
10.1 (7.1, 17.1)
0.22
<0.001
NEUT (%)
—
79.5 (70.0, 85.0)
76.9 (68.0, 85.0)
85.0 (77.4, 90.0)
0.23
<0.001
PLT (×103/μL)
—
194.0 (150.0, 255.0)
196.0 (152.0, 254.0)
186.0 (138.5, 259.0)
0.04
<0.001
HB (g/dL)
—
12.4 (10.9, 13.7)
12.5 (11.1, 13.8)
11.9 (10.1, 13.3)
0.12
<0.001
MCV (μm3)
—
84.6 (80.5, 88.3)
84.3 (80.4, 88.0)
85.7 (80.7, 89.7)
—
<0.001
BUN (mg/dL)
—
19.0 (13.0, 31.0)
17.0 (12.0, 26.0)
29.0 (18.3, 48.8)
0.29
<0.001
CR (mg/dL)
—
1.1 (1.0, 1.5)
1.1 (0.9, 1.4)
1.4 (1.1, 2.2)
0.19
<0.001
NA (mEq/L)
—
138.0 (135.0, 141.0)
138.0 (135.0, 140.0)
138.0 (135.0, 141.0)
0.04
0.031
K (mEq/L)
—
4.1 (3.8, 4.4)
4.1 (3.8, 4.4)
4.2 (3.9, 4.7)
0.13
<0.001
CA (mg/dL)
—
8.6 (8.1, 9.3)
8.7 (8.2, 9.3)
8.5 (8.0, 9.1)
0.09
<0.001
MG (mEq/L)
—
1.9 (1.7, 2.2)
1.9 (1.7, 2.1)
2.0 (1.8, 2.2)
0.08
<0.001
P (mg/dL)
—
3.5 (2.9, 4.1)
3.4 (2.9, 4.0)
3.8 (3.1, 4.7)
0.22
<0.001
AST (U/L)
—
36.0 (24.0, 55.0)
34.0 (23.4, 50.0)
44.9 (29.0, 72.0)
0.09
<0.001
ALT (U/L)
—
28.0 (18.0, 46.0)
27.1 (18.0, 45.0)
30.0 (18.0, 50.4)
0.07
0.021
ALKP (U/L)
—
185.0 (138.0, 257.0)
181.0 (136.0, 248.0)
205.0 (148.0, 287.0)
0.12
<0.001
BILLT (mg/dL)
—
0.8 (0.6, 1.1)
0.8 (0.6, 1.1)
0.9 (0.6, 1.2)
0.11
<0.001
BILLD (mg/dL)
—
0.3 (0.2, 0.4)
0.3 (0.2, 0.4)
0.4 (0.2, 0.5)
0.13
<0.001
Amylase (U/L)
—
53.0 (38.8, 76.8)
54.0 (40.0, 75.8)
49.9 (34.0, 80.0)
0.0
0.164
LIPASE (U/L)
—
26.0 (19.0, 38.0)
26.0 (19.0, 38.0)
25.0 (17.6, 38.0)
0.01
0.559
TG (mg/dL)
—
120.0 (90.0, 168.0)
119.0 (90.0, 168.0)
123.0 (87.8, 173.0)
0.01
0.957
Cholesterol (mg/dL)
—
130.0 (106.0, 158.0)
133.5 (110.0, 161.0)
119.5 (96.8, 148.0)
0.14
<0.001
HDL (mg/dL)
—
31.0 (28.0, 40.0)
32.0 (28.0, 40.0)
30.1 (26.0, 38.0)
0.04
0.053
LDL (mg/dL)
—
73.0 (54.0, 95.0)
75.0 (58.0, 98.0)
65.0 (48.0, 84.0)
0.14
<0.001
FBS (mg/dL)
—
135.0 (104.0, 194.0)
131.0 (103.0, 188.0)
146.0 (109.8, 207.3)
0.06
0.001
HBA1C (% of total Hb)
—
7.5 (6.4, 9.9)
7.5 (6.4, 10.0)
7.6 (6.4, 9.5)
0.03
0.527
Albumin (g/dL)
—
3.8 (3.4, 4.2)
3.9 (3.5, 4.3)
3.5 (3.1, 3.9)
0.28
<0.001
LDH (U/L)
—
576.0 (439.0, 800.0)
547.5 (421.8, 745.0)
711.0 (520.5, 1072.0)
0.24
<0.001
CRP (mg/L)
—
29.7 (10.5, 69.1)
26.8 (10.0, 64.0)
43.4 (15.0, 86.0)
—
<0.001
ESR (mm/h)
—
34.0 (18.0, 56.0)
32.0 (18.0, 56.0)
36.0 (20.0, 59.0)
0.06
<0.001
Lactate
—
20.0 (15.0, 27.0)
19.1 (15.0, 25.9)
22.0 (16.0, 33.0)
0.20
<0.001
IL6 (pg/mL)
—
25.6 (10.9, 70.2)
18.5 (8.1, 44.8)
46.6 (16.1, 146.0)
0.33
0.004
CPK (U/L)
—
117.0 (63.0, 257.0)
108.0 (61.0, 232.0)
150.0 (77.5, 356.5)
0.08
<0.001
CKMB (U/L)
—
21.0 (14.0, 33.0)
20.0 (14.0, 30.0)
25.0 (17.0, 45.0)
0.12
<0.001
PROBNP (pg/mL)
—
868.0 (173.8, 3792.8)
469.0 (132.0, 2313.0)
3200.0 (894.0, 9987.0)
0.32
<0.001
Procalcitonin (pg/mL)
—
0.4 (0.2, 1.3)
0.3 (0.2, 0.9)
0.9 (0.3, 2.6)
0.08
<0.001
PTT (s)
—
30.0 (25.6, 35.0)
30.0 (25.3, 35.0)
32.0 (26.7, 38.0)
0.09
<0.001
PT (s)
—
13.0 (11.9, 13.7)
13.0 (11.7, 13.3)
13.0 (12.4, 14.6)
0.14
<0.001
INR
—
1.1 (1.0, 1.2)
1.1 (1.0, 1.2)
1.1 (1.0, 1.3)
0.16
<0.001
pH
—
7.4 (7.3, 7.4)
7.4 (7.3, 7.4)
7.4 (7.3, 7.4)
0.08
<0.001
PCO2 (mm Hg)
—
44.3 (38.7, 50.0)
44.6 (39.3, 50.1)
42.7 (36.3, 49.8)
0.04
<0.001
HCO3 (mEq/L)
—
25.8 (22.7, 28.6)
26.2 (23.5, 28.9)
23.8 (20.2, 27.3)
0.20
<0.001
BE (mmol/L)
—
1.6 (-1.6, 4.4)
2.0 (-0.7, 4.6)
-0.4 (-5.2, 3.0)
0.21
<0.001
ANCA (AU/mL)
—
1.5 (0.9, 8.8)
1.6 (1.0, 12.4)
1.0 (1.0, 1.0)
0.27
0.480
CANCA (AU/mL)
—
2.4 (1.8, 4.0)
2.1 (1.4, 3.0)
3.6 (2.7, 6.3)
0.19
0.015
PANCA (AU/mL)
—
2.9 (1.7, 4.5)
2.9 (1.7, 4.4)
2.8 (1.7, 4.8)
0.09
0.883
FDP (mug/mL)
—
6.5 (4.0, 12.0)
5.9 (4.0, 9.4)
12.0 (6.2, 18.0)
0.30
<0.001
Fe (μg/dL)
—
43.0 (25.0, 80.0)
44.0 (25.0, 79.8)
38.5 (24.0, 82.5)
0.00
0.509
Ferritin (ng/mL)
—
361.0 (194.0, 639.9)
340.3 (182.6, 598.6)
456.3 (257.0, 762.0)
—
<0.001
TIBC (μg/dL)
—
260.0 (193.3, 328.3)
269.0 (202.0, 330.0)
236.0 (167.0, 309.5)
0.10
0.002
Total protein (g/dL)
—
5.8 (5.2, 6.5)
6.1 (5.4, 6.7)
5.6 (5.0, 6.2)
0.18
0.007
TSH (μIU/mL)
—
1.0 (0.4, 2.0)
1.1 (0.5, 2.0)
1.0 (0.4, 1.9)
0.01
0.282
T4 (μg/dL)
—
8.1 (6.4, 9.6)
8.4 (6.8, 9.8)
7.1 (5.3, 8.5)
0.24
<0.001
T3(ng/dL)
—
0.9 (0.7, 1.1)
0.9 (0.7, 1.1)
0.8 (0.6, 1.0)
0.17
<0.001
VitD3 (ng/mL)
—
25.1 (15.6, 39.0)
24.5 (15.5, 38.4)
27.6 (17.1, 42.2)
0.04
0.027
IgM (g/L)
—
65.5 (38.5, 112.5)
98.0 (37.8, 127.3)
59.0 (36.5, 65.3)
0.34
0.052
IgG (g/L)
—
1060.5 (835.0, 1394.5)
1073.0 (877.8, 1422.0)
976.5 (700.5, 1256.0)
0.16
0.228
UREA (mg/dL)
—
37.4 (26.9, 56.0)
34.4 (25.0, 48.0)
57.3 (37.3, 88.8)
0.33
<0.001
The Cramer’s V test was used to measure the association between categorical variables and status. The value of Cramer’s V indicates how strongly two categorical variables are associated, giving a value between 0 and +1. For numeric variables, the Mann–Whitney test was used to compare median values between survivors and deceased cases. Eta was used to measure the association of numeric variables with status, giving a value between 0 and 1. In both Cramer’s V and Eta, values close to 1 indicating a high degree of association. The missing values were ignored in calculation of percentages. The median (Q1, Q3) and frequency (%) were used for describing the numeric and categorical variables, respectively. The baseline values of WBC, lymph, NEUT, PLT, HB, MCV, BUN, CR, AST, ALT, LDH, CRP, and UREA were summarized.
