|
| Number of subjects | Source of RNA | Conclusions | Found correlated miRNAs | Origin | Platform of RNA |
| Control or healthy | Patients |
|
| 10 | 10 | Plasma | Findings suggest that ceRNA networks may play a key role in the development of heart failure and may have immune response functions hsa-miR-8485, hsa-miR-26b-5p, TUG1, hsa-miR-940, GAS5, and HOTAIR which were identified as key genes [42]. | hsa-miR-26b-5p
hsa-miR-8485
hsa-miR-940 | | RT-qPCR |
| 30 | 28 | Plasma | exo-miR-92b-5p can be a biomarker candidate for diagnostic [43]. | exo-miR-92b-5p | Ningbo (China) | RT-qPCR |
| 5 | 10 | Serum | Findings suggest that miR-150-5p could be a new circulating biomarker for progressive heart failure [44]. | miR-150-5p | | RT-qPCR |
| 9 | 18 | Peripheral blood | Development of next-generation biomarkers miR-126 and miR-223 for cardiac sarcoidosis diagnosis in patients with heart failure [45]. | miR-126 and miR-223 | New York (USA) | RT-qPCR |
| Screening study 14 + validation study 15 | 47+135 with other heart problems | Plasma | Seven miRNAs were identified to distinguish between heart failure and non-HF causes of dyspnea [46]. | miR-103
miR-142-3p
miR-30b
miR-342-3p | | RT-qPCR |
| 75 | 75 of HFpEF and 75 of HFrEF | Plasma | Various miRNA combinations can be used as HF biomarkers. The addition of natriuretic peptides to certain biomarker combinations can change their value. In subpopulations of patients with HF, miRNA biomarkers may aid diagnostic techniques [47]. | miR-30c
miR−146a
miR−221
miR−328
miR−375 | Dublin (Irlend) | RT-qPCR |
| 41 | 90 with different heart diseases | Plasma | The increasing acuity of heart failure was linked to decreasing levels of circulating miRNAs [48]. | miR-18b-5p
miR-223-3p
miR-301a-3p
miR-423-5p
miR-652-3p | Denmark | RT-qPCR |
| 39 | 45 DCM patients | Serum | Findings conclude that miR-423-5p levels in the blood could be useful as a biomarker for diagnosing dilated cardiomyopathy-related heart failure [49]. | miR-423-5p
miR-126
miR-361-5p
miR-155
miR-146a | New York (USA) | RT-qPCR |
| 55 of ICM and 51 of NICM | Plasma | The miRNAs miR-126 and miR-508-5p could be useful in the diagnosis of chronic heart failure patients [50]. | miR-126
miR-508-5p
miR-34a
miR-210
miR-490-3p
miR-513-5p
miR-517c
miR-518e
miR-589
miR-220c
miR-200a
miR-186
miR-7i
miR-200b
miR-595
miR-662 | Hangzhou (China) | RT-qPCR |
| Cohort I (Barcelona) comprised 834 chronic heart failure patients. Cohort II (Detroit) comprised 1369 chronic heart failure patients | Plasma | This study found an association between “miR-1254 and miR-1306-5p” and the risk of hospitalization and death from heart failure in two independent cohorts of patients with heart failure. [51]. | miR-1254
miR-1306-5p | Barcelona (Espain), Detroit (USA) | RT-qPCR |
| 32 | 42 | Plasma | miR-150-5p is a predictor of overt heart failure that is independent of other factors, and it could be utilized to screen patients for this condition [52]. | 50 miRNAs found | Germany | RT-qPCR |
| 3 | 13 | Serum | The findings of this study conclude that miRNAs (miR-3135b, miR-3908, and miR-5571-5p) can be used as biomarkers for heart failure and to distinguish HFrEF from HFpEF [53]. | miR-3135b
miR-3908
miR-5571-5p | Beijing (China) | RT-qPCR |
| 80 | 80 | Plasma | The plasma biomarkers “circulating long non-coding RNA” taurine upregulated gene 1 and NT-proBNP were found to be beneficial in the diagnosis of HFpEF in hypertensive people [54]. | | | RT-qPCR |
| 21 | 68 | Plasma | The alpha/beta hydrolase fold domain 4 mRNA biomarkers could diagnose acute coronary syndrome early and stratify severity, thereby improving health outcomes [55]. | | Egypt | RT-qPCR |
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