BioMed Research International

Research Article

An Intervention Pattern of Family Parent-Child Physical Activity Based on a Smartphone App for Preschool Children during COVID-19

Table 4

Effects of the intervention on primary outcomes according to group ().


Variables	Baseline PA	Late PA	Mean difference [95% CI]^b

Sedentary (min)^%
CG	146.89 (25.19)	143.91 (28.87)	-2.97 [-13.44 to 7.5]	0
EG	148.31 (25.61)	102.45 (25.04)	-45.85 [-54.65 to -37.24]^##	0.51
Mean difference [95% CI]^a	1.42 [-7.65 to 12.3]	-41.46 [-51.39 to -30.16]
LPA (min)^%
CG	100.6 (30.9)	100.72 (25.06)	0.13 [-9.66 to 10.6]	0
EG	101.32 (29.53)	133.47 (30.48)	32.15 [23.69 to 40.15]^##	0.36
Mean difference [95% CI]^a	0.72 [-11.68 to 12.24]	32.74 [20.77 to 42.69]
MVPA (min)^%
CG	7.87 (2.43)	8.32 (2.65)	0.46 [-0.86 to 1.75]	0
EG	7.63 (2.91)	24.06 (4.12)	16.43 [15.37 to 17.5]^##	0.9
Mean difference [95% CI]^a	-0.23 [-1.53 to 0.57]	15.74 [14.09 to 16.93]
Sedentary (min)^%
CG	166.3 (18.58)	163.92 (19.6)	-2.38 [-12.4 to 8.16]	0
EG	163.66 (22.27)	116.89 (30.8)	-46.77 [-55.33 to -38.55]^##	0.54
Mean difference [95% CI]^a	-2.64 [-10.51 to 5.53]	-47.02 [-57.7 to -36.92]
LPA (min)^&
CG	107.32 (22.73)	108.99 (23.1)	1.67 [-7.84 to 11.06]	0
EG	107.39 (23.28)	134.6 (25.82)	27.22 [19.54 to 34.97]^##	0.32
Mean difference [95% CI]^a	0.07 [-8.81 to 9.17]	25.61 [16.23 to 35.43]
MVPA (min)^&
CG	4.77 (2.98)	5.72 (1.98)	0.95 [-0.33 to 2.2]	0.02
EG	5.15 (2.8)	20.51 (4.18)	15.37 [14.35 to 16.41]^##	0.89
Mean difference [95% CI]^a	0.37 [-0.77 to 1.45]	14.8 [13.45 to 16.12]

Values are the observed mean (SD); all comparisons are adjusted for sex, age, and BMI. Note: CG: control group; EG: experimental group; PA: physical activity; LPA: light physical activity; MVPA: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; ^%preschool children; ^&parent; ^amean between-group difference with 95% confidence interval based on estimated marginal means adjusted for sex, age, and BMI; ^bmean within-group changes with 95% confidence interval based on estimated marginal means adjusted for sex, age, and BMI; : partial eta squared; difference between CG and EG; ^##p <0.01 difference between pre- and posttest.