The Role of Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load in Mediating Genetic Susceptibility via MC4R s17782313 Genotypes to Affect Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Apparently Healthy Obese Individuals

Table 5

Total effects of genetic, sociodemographic, and psychological parameters and diet on metabolic syndrome among obese adults using SEM.

Model 3	Total
	Standardized estimate	SE	value
GI ⟶ MetS	-0.002	0.002	0.117
GL ⟶ MetS	0.000	0.001	0.449
MC4R ⟶ MetS	0.010	0.005	0.023
Age ⟶ MetS	0.053	0.018	≤0.01
Sex ⟶ MetS	-0.605	0.268	0.012
Sex⟶ GL	-27.368	12.681	0.015
Age ⟶ GL	-0.073	0.721	0.459
PA ⟶ GL	-0.841	7.187	0.453
SES ⟶ GL	-0.600	2.462	0.403
Stress ⟶ GL	0.062	0.606	0.459
Appetite ⟶ GL	1.178	0.562	0.018
MC4R ⟶ GL	-1.235	0.188	≤0.01
Sex ⟶ GI	-1.391	9.004	0.433
Age ⟶ GI	-0.478	0.527	0.382
PA ⟶ GI	-1.089	7.271	0.440
SES ⟶ GI	-0.287	1.833	0.438
Stress ⟶ GI	0.310	0.451	0.246
Appetite ⟶ GI	0.772	0.478	0.053
MC4R ⟶ GI	1.577	0.173	≤0.01

Abbreviations: GI: glycemic index; GL: glycemic load; SES: socioeconomic status; MetS: metabolic syndrome; PA: physical activity; MC4R: melanocortin-4 receptor; SE: standard error of the estimate. Standardized path coefficients ^£Total effect is defined as the sum of direct and indirect effects.