Association between Circulating Antioxidants and Longevity: Insight from Mendelian Randomization Study

Table 3

IVW findings and sensitivity analyses for genetically predicted per unit increase in circulating antioxidants and individual longevity outcome.

Antioxidants	IVW/Wald ratio			Weighted median		MR-Egger			MR-PRESSO
	OR (95% CI)	value	value for heterogeneity	OR (95% CI)	value	OR (95% CI)	value	Intercept ( value)	No. of outliers	OR (95% CI)	value
Absolute circulating levels
Ascorbate (μmol/l)	0.96 (0.74-1.24)	0.758	0.160	1.17 (0.88-1.57)	0.281	1.24 (0.87-1.79)	0.272	-0.024 (0.110)	0	0.96 (0.74-1.24)	0.766
Lycopene (μg/dl)	1.00 (0.91-1.09)	0.996	0.522	0.99 (0.88-1.11)	0.805	0.90 (0.76-1.06)	0.299	0.043 (0.081)	0	1.00 (0.92-1.08)	0.996
Selenium (ln-transformed)	0.92 (0.83-1.03)	0.144	0.968	0.93 (0.82-1.05)	0.229	0.98 (0.69-1.40)	0.931	-0.016 (0.285)	0	0.92 (0.89-0.95)	0.015
β-Carotene (ln-transformed)	1.04 (0.87-1.26)	0.653	0.549	1.04 (0.85-1.26)	0.715	0.85 (0.42-1.68)	0.716	0.028 (0.615)	NA	NA	NA
Retinol (ln-transformed)	0.49 (0.18-1.34)	0.163	0.266	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Circulating metabolites
α-Tocopherol (log10 units)	1.02 (0.53-1.97)	0.955	0.782	1.02 (0.42-2.50)	0.960	0.66 (0.16-2.77)	0.581	0.013 (0.430)	0	1.02 (0.69-1.49)	0.945
γ-Tocopherol (log10 units)	1.02 (0.69-1.49)	0.936	0.189	1.09 (0.66-1.79)	0.733	1.30 (0.58-2.90)	0.537	-0.011 (0.507)	0	1.01 (0.69-1.49)	0.938
Retinol (log10 units)	1.07 (1.02-1.13)	0.008	0.360	1.07 (0.99-1.15)	0.050	1.01 (0.87-1.18)	0.877	0.012 (0.512)	0	1.07 (1.02-1.13)	0.015
Ascorbate (log10 units)	0.97 (0.80-1.17)	0.731	0.025	0.80 (0.64-1.00)	0.050	0.96 (0.66-1.40)	0.838	7.04-04 (0.970)	1	0.86 (0.72-1.02)	0.116

Abbreviations: CI: confidence interval; IVW: inverse-variance weighted; MR-PRESSO: MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier; NA: not available; OR: odds ratio.