Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Acupuncture Combined with Massage in Treating Knee Osteoarthritis

Table 1

Basic characteristics of included studies.

Included studies	Mean age (years)		Sample size (M/F)		Mean disease duration (year)		Interventions		Duration/day	Follow-up or not	Outcome measures
	T	C	T	C	T	C	T	C
Ye et al. [26]			23/23	24/22			Electrothermal needle+loosening	Loosening	4 weeks	No	①④
Ye et al. [27]			18/29	20/25			Heating needle+Maitland	Maitland	4 weeks	No	①④
Zhou [28]	40~70	40~70	20/30	20/30	14 d~7 years	19 d~6 years	Float needle+tuina	Tuina	14 d	No	①
Chao et al. [29]			3/18	5/16	months	months	Fire needle+Meridian-sinew manipulation	Meridian-sinew manipulation	2 weeks	Yes	②④
Lan [30]			33/27	35/25	—	—	Silver needle+tuina	Tuina	2 weeks	No	①③
Duning [31]			7/43	6/44			Beryllium needle+tuina	Tuina	20 d	No	①
Jiang et al. [32]			13/37	9/41	months	months	Electroacupuncture+tuina	Tuina	30 d	No	①
Hongyan et al. [33]			25/35	20/30			Warm needling+tuina	Tuina	20 d	No	①②
Yuanhong et al. [34]			11/19	13/17			Warm needle+Maitland	Maitland	4 weeks	No	②③
Wang [35]			23/55	19/59			Warm needling+tuina	Tuina	20 d	No	①②③
Huangke [36]	35~85	35~85	36	36	—	—	Warm needling+tuina	Tuina	20 d	No	①②③
Huang et al. [37]			39/81	78/22			Warm needling+tuina	Tuina	20 d	No	①②③
Qian et al. [38]			14/18	13/19	months	months	Warming needle+loosening	Loosening	20 d	No	①⑤
Chen [39]			23/17	25/15			Warm needling+tuina	Tuina	30 d	Yes	①②
Guan [40]			25/30	27/28			Warm needling+tuina	Tuina	4 weeks	No	①
Qiao [41]			19/31	17/25			Warm needling+tuina	Tuina	4 weeks	No	①⑤
Zhang et al. [42]			13/18	12/19	——————	——————	Needle knife + Tuina	Tuina	14d	No	①②③
Guibo and Mao [43]			20/20	22/18			Needle knife+tuina	Tuina	2 weeks	No	①
Wang and Lang [44]			16/21	19/19			Needle knife+Maitland	Maitland	4 weeks	Yes	①②③
Wang and Lang [45]			33/40	32/35	months	months	Needle knife+tuina	Tuina	3 weeks	No	①②
Ma [46]			12/23	13/22			Needle knife+tuina	Tuina	14 d	No	②③
Liangi [47]	43~64	47~63	13/17	12/18	3 months~15 years	2 months~10 years	Needle knife+tuina	Tuina	10 d	No	①
Liao [48]			14/26	17/23	8 months~18 years	8 months~18 years	Common acupuncture+tuina	Tuina	28 d	No	①②
Chao [49]			15/25	14/22			Common acupuncture+tuina	Tuina	20 d	No	①
Gao [50]			18/22	19/21	—	—	Common acupuncture+tuina	Tuina	30 d	No	⑤
Dong et al. [51]			15/25	17/23			Common acupuncture+Dong’s massage	Dong’s massage	20 d	No	①②④
Wang and Ma [52]			12/23	16/19	2.0 ± 1.8		Catgut embedding needle knife+tuina	Common acupuncture	3 weeks	No	①②
Lin et al. [53]			19/31	22/28			Warm needling + Tuina	Common acupuncture	14 d	No	①
Li [54]			17/15	14/18	months	months	Warm needling+tuina	Common acupuncture	30 d	No	①②④
Xiong et al. [55]			19/27	21/24			Common acupuncture+tuina	Common acupuncture	20 d	No	①②④⑤
Huang et al. [56]			12/18	13/17			Common acupuncture+tuina	Common acupuncture	20 d	No	①
Ding [57]			9/17	12/18			Common acupuncture+tuina	Common acupuncture	8 weeks	No	②③
Chen et al. [58]			14/17	15/16			Electroacupuncture+Wei’s maneuver	Electroacupuncture	6 weeks	No	①
Ma and Wu [59]			17/25	16/26	—	—	Electroacupuncture+tuina	Electroacupuncture	3 weeks	No	①②③
Zeng [60]			19/11	18/12			Needle knife+tuina	Needle knife	4 weeks	No	②
Li and Zhang [61]			22/28	21/29			Needle knife+tuina	Needle knife	3 weeks	Yes	①②
Zhu [62]			23/28	24/27			Needle knife+tuina	Needle knife	4 weeks	No	①
Li [63]			19/46	20/45			Warm needling+tuina	Warm needling	14 d	No	①②③
Shen et al. [64]			39/71	42/68			Warm needling+tuina	Warm needling	12 d	No	①②
Zhou et al. [65]			14/16	13/17			Warm needling+tuina	Warm needling	14 d	No	①②
Zhou et al. [66]			7/21	8/21			Warm needling+tuina	Warm needling	4 weeks	No	①②④⑤
Xiong and Chen [67]			37/43	40/38			Needle knife+tuina	Electroacupuncture	3 weeks	No	①②③
Zheng and Dong [68]			18/14	17/15			Fire needling+tuina	Warm needling+tuina	14 d	No	①②
Wang et al. [69]			10/14	8/16			Warm needling+tuina	Common acupuncture+tuina	30 d	No	②③
Lu et al. [70]			37/46	38/44			Needle knife+tuina	Common acupuncture+tuina	3 weeks	No	①③
Wang and Liu [71]			21/24	18/27	months	months	Needle knife+tuina	Common acupuncture+tuina	3 weeks	No	②
Chen et al. [72]			18/22	18/22	months	months	Needle knife+tuina	Common acupuncture+tuina	3 weeks	Yes	①
Zhang et al. [73]			18/24	20/24			Silver needling+tuina	Silver needle	3 weeks	Yes	④⑤
				19/30				Tuina
Zhang et al. [74]			22/8	23/7			Common acupuncture+tuina	Common acupuncture	4 weeks	No	①②
				18/12				Tuina

T: test group; C: control group; —: it was not mentioned. ^①Total effective rate. ^②VAS. ^③Lysholm. ^④Total WOMAC. ^⑤WOMAC stiffness and joint function.