SARS-CoV-2 Transmission by Arthropod Vectors: A Scoping Review

Table 1

Major accepted respiratory routes of transmission [17].

Transmission route	Elements involved and element characteristics	Characteristics/definition of transmission	References
Contact	Contaminated hands	Self-inoculation of mucous membranes by contaminated hands	[55]
Direct	Deposited on persons.	Virus transfer from one infected person to another	[56]
Indirect	Deposited on objects	Virus transfer through contaminated intermediate objects (fomites)	[43]
Airborne droplets	Droplets (>5 μm)	Short-range transmission	[33]
	Remain only shortly in the air (<17 min)	Inoculation directe d’une personne naïve par toux/éternuements/respiration d’une personne infectée
	Dispersed over short distances (<1 m)	Deposition mainly on mucous membranes and the upper respiratory tract
Aerosol droplets	Aerosols, droplet nuclei (>5 μm)	Long-range transmission (LRT)	[48]
	Remain in the air for an almost infinite amount of time	Inhalation of aerosols in a repairable size range
	Dispersed over long distances (>1 m)	Deposition along the respiratory tract, including the lower airways