Endoscopic Techniques for Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Principles and Context

Figure 3

Preoperative lumbar spine T2-weighted MR of a second case illustration. (a) There is grade I anterolisthesis of L4 on L5 and disc herniation resulting in spinal stenosis. (b) Axial slice further demonstrates significant central canal stenosis.

(a)

(b)