Review Article

Main Applications and Recent Research Progresses of Additive Manufacturing in Dentistry

Table 3

Application of AM technology in denture implantation.

AuthorApplicationCasesSpecificationScanningSoftwareMaterialProcessMain results

Tunchel et al. [121]Dental implant82TixosR (Leader Implants, Italy)
3.3 mm/3.75 mm/4.5 mm
CBCTNot mentionedTi-6Al-4V alloyDLMF (EosyntM270, Germany)3-year follow-up: survival rate (94.5%), success rate (94.3%)
DIB (0.75 for 1 year; 0.89 for 3 years)
Mangano et al. [145]Immediate dental implant15Root analogueCBCT (CS9300, USA)Mimics (Materialise, Belgium)
Magics (Materialise, Belgium)
PTC Group (Needham, USA)
Ti-6Al-4V alloyDLMS (Leader Implants, Italy)1-year follow-up: survival rate (100%) DIB (0.7 mm)
Figliuzzi et al. [146]Immediate dental implant in the anterior maxilla1Root analogueCBCT (CS9300, USA)Mimics (Materialise, Belgium)
Magics (Materialise, Belgium)
PTC group (Needham, USA)
Ti-6Al-4V alloyDLMS1-year follow-up: good functional and aesthetic integration
Mangano et al. [147]Immediate loading of four unsplinted implants62TixosR (Leader Implants, Italy)
2.7 mm/3.2 mm
CBCT (CS9300, USA)Mimics (Materialise, Belgium)Ti-6Al-4V alloyDLMS (EOSINT M270, Germany)4-year follow-up: survival rate (96.9%)
DIB (0.38 mm for 1 year; 0.62 mm for 4 years)
Biological complications (6%), prosthetic complications (12.9%)
Mangano et al. [120]Implant templates20Tooth-supportedCBCT (CS9300, USA)Nauta (DWS, Vicenza)ResinSLA (XFAB2000, DWS, Vicenza)96.4% of the templates were steady and suitable for clinical use
Derksen et al. [148]Implant templates66Tooth-supportedCBCT (Morita, Japan)coDiagnostiX (Dental Wings, Canada)Biomaterial (MED 610)3D printing (Eden 260V, Stratasys, USA)The mean angular deviation was 2.72°
The mean deviations at the implant’s entry point and apex were 0.75 mm and 1.06 mm, respectively
Xu et al. [149]Implant drills in allogenic tooth transplantation1Not mentionedCBCTNot mentionedMetal powderDLMSThe donor tooth fitted well in the recipient’s alveolar bone
The inflammatory and replacement resorption was stable after 4 months
Mena-Álvarez et al. [150]Autotransplantation templates1Tooth-supportedCBCT (White Fox, France)Not mentionedNot mentioned3D printing (Explora 3D lab, Spain)2-year follow-up: accurate placement of the donor tooth in the recipient site with good physiological clinical and radiologic results

Note: cases: the number of patients enrolled in the research; DIB: distance between the implant shoulder and the first visible bone-implant contact; CBCT: cone-beam computed tomography; Ti-6Al-4V: titanium-6 aluminium-4 vanadium; SLA: stereolithography; DLMS: direct laser metal sintering; DLMF: direct laser metal formation.