Potential of Azadirachta indica as a Capping Agent for Antiviral Nanoparticles against SARS-CoV-2

Table 3

Biomedical properties of some chemical substances contained in Azadirachta indica extracts.

Compound name	Plant source	Biomedical properties	References
Azadirachtin	Seeds, bark	Antitumor, antiviral, antimalarial	[56, 57]
Azadirone	Seeds, bark	Antimalarial, insecticidal	[58, 59]
17-Hydroxyazadiradione	Leaves	Antiviral, antimalarial, antifungal	[60, 61]
7-Desacetyl-7-benzoylazadiradione	Leaves	Antidiabetic	[62]
Quercetin	Seeds	Antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral	[63]
Salannin	Seeds	Insecticidal	[64]
Gedunin	Seeds	Antimalarial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic	[65–67]
7-Deacetyl-7-benzoylgedunin	Leaves	Antiviral	[65]
Nimbidin	Seeds	Anti-inflammatory	[57]
Nimbolinin	Seeds	Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory	[56, 68]
Nimbiol	Seeds, leaves	Antiviral	[69–71]
Nimbocinol	Seeds, leaves	Antiviral	[69–71]
Nimbidol	Seeds, leaves	Anti-inflammatory	[57, 72]
Nimbandiol	Leaves	Antiviral	[60]
Nimbin	Seeds, leaves	Antiviral, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal	[64, 73, 74]
Nimbinin	Seeds	Antiviral	[66]
Nimbolide	Leaves	Antimalarial, antibacterial	[56, 57, 75]
Nimolinone	Seeds, leaves	Antitumor	[76]
6-Deacetylnimbinene	Leaves	Antitumor	[76]
N-Hexacosanol	Leaves	Antidiabetic	[77]
Ascorbic acid	Leaves	Immunomodulator	[78, 79]
Gallic acid	Bark	Antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, immunomodulator	[63, 79–81]
Catechin	Bark	Antibacterial, antiviral	[79, 81]
Margolonone	Bark	Antiviral, antibacterial	[60, 81]