Contemporary Concepts in Osseointegration of Dental Implants: A Review
Table 3
Outcomes of nanotopography enhancement techniques.
Technique
Rationale
Preclinical data
Clinical data
Discrete crystalline deposition
CaP particles (20-100 nm) deposited on a double acid-etched surface by a sol-gel process exert a high adhesive force on the implant surface; bacterial adhesion is reduced [62, 63]
Disruption force required at the bone-implant interface is high; high osteoconduction [64]
Generates a pattern of nanoscale microchannels that act as a biological seal by eliciting the connective tissue and bone attachment, inhibiting epithelial down growth [67]
Dense cervical seal prevents apical migration of junctional epithelium [67]
Two-year survival rate 96.1%; long-term comparative results not yet available [68]
