BioMed Research International / 2022 / Article / Tab 1 / Research Article
Retrospective Analysis of Infection Factors in Secondary Internal Fixation after External Fixation for Open Fracture of a Long Bone: A Cohort of 117 Patients in a Two-Center Clinical Study Table 1 Univariate predictors for SSI of preoperative variables.
Variable SSI ( ) No SSI ( ) Infection rates (%) valueAge (years) ≤50 years 14 (82.4%) 87 (77.0%) 14/101 (13.9%) 0.762 >50 years 3 (17.6%) 26 (23.0%) 3/29 (10.3%) Gender, number (%) Male 15 (88.2%) 85 (75.2%) 15/100 (15%) 0.357 Female 2 (11.8%) 28 (24.8%) 2/30 (6.7%) Injured area Humerus 0 5 (4.4%) 0 0.416 Ulna and radius 1 (5.9%) 15 (13.3%) 1/16 (6.3%) Femoral 4 (23.5%) 24 (21.2%) 4/28 (14.3%) Tibia and fibula 12 (70.6%) 69 (61.1%) 12/81 (14.8%) Multiple trauma + 15 (88.2%) 78 (69.0%) 15/93 (16.1%) 0.149 - 2 (11.8%) 35 (31.0%) 2/37 (5.4%) Type of open fracture (Gustilo classification) I or II 2 (11.8%) 46 (40.7%) 2/48 (4.2%) 0.001a IIIA 3 (17.7%) 36 (31.9%) 3/39 (7.7%) IIIB 6 (35.3%) 23 (20.4%) 6/29 (20.7%) IIIC 6 (35.3%) 8 (7.1%) 6/14 (42.8%) AO type A 3 (17.6%) 39 (34.5%) 3/42 (7.1%) 0.416 B 6 (35.3%) 32 (28.3%) 6/38 (15.8%) C 8 (47.1%) 42 (37.2%) 8/50 (16.0%) Degree of soft tissue damage Mild 10 (58.8%) 69 (61.1%) 10/79 (12.7%) 0.176 Moderate 1 (5.9%) 23 (20.3%) 1/24 (4.2%) Severe 6 (35.3%) 21 (18.6%) 6/27 (22.2%) Debridement time ≤6 h 5 (29.4%) 26 (23.0%) 5/31 (16.1%) 0.296 >6 h 12 (70.6%) 87 (77.0%) 12/99 (12.1%) Duration of external fixation ≤14 d 4 (23.5%) 58 (51.3%) 4/62 (6.5%) 0.031a 14-28 d 2 (11.8%) 19 (16.8%) 2/21 (9.5%) ≥28 d 11 (64.7%) 36 (31.9%) 11/47 (23.4%) Pin-site infection + 4 (23.5%) 8 (7.1%) 4/12 (33.3%) 0.052 - 13 (76.5%) 105 (92.9%) 13/118 (11.0%) WBC ( /L) /L 10 (58.8%) 94 (83.2%) 10/104 (9.6%) 0.044a /L 7 (41.2%) 19 (16.8%) 7/26 (26.9%) ( /L) /L 15 (88.2%) 92 (81.4%) 15/107 (14.0%) 0.736 /L 2 (11.8%) 21 (18.6%) 2/23 (8.7%) CRP (0-6 mg/L) ≤6 mg/L 3 (17.6%) 41 (36.3%) 3/44 (6.8%) 0.012a >6 mg/L 14 (82.4%) 72 (63.7%) 14/86 (16.3%) ESR (male 0-15 mm/h, female 0-20 mm/h) ≤15/20 mm/h 2 (11.8%) 41 (36.3%) 2/43 (4.7%) 0.031a >15/20 mm/h 15 (88.2%) 72 (63.7%) 15/87 (17.2%) Fasting plasma glucose (3.9-6.1 mmol/L) 3.9-6.1 mmol/L 15 (88.2%) 94 (83.2%) 15/109 (13.8%) 0.862 >6.1 mmol/L 2 (11.8%) 19 (16.8%) 2/21 (9.5%) ALB (35-55 g/L) <35 g/L 9 (52.9%) 27 (23.9%) 9/36 (25.0%) 0.019a 35-55 g/L 8 (47.1%) 86 (76.1%) 8/94 (8.5%)