Determination of Therapeutic and Safety Effects of Zygophyllum coccineum Extract in Induced Inflammation in Rats

Table 1

Identified compounds in the aqueous-ethanolic extract of Z. coccineum by L.C.–ESI-TOF–M.S (detected in positive and negative mode of ESI).

No.	R.T. min.	Characteristic mass fragments	Molecular weight (m/z)	Compound name	Chemical formula	%^1
1	12.69	43, 68, 88	88.06	Pyruvic acid	C3H4O3	0.09
2	15.34	105, 133	133.10	Cinnamaldehyde	C9H8O	0.21
3	16.51	43, 71, 89	134.08	Malic acid	C4H6O5	0.15
4	18.37	93,137	137.02	p-Hydroxybenzoic acid	C7H6O3	0.11
5	24.88	129,146	146.16	Spermidine	C7H19N3	0.16
6	25.71	120, 138, 147, 154	154.16	4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol	C8H10O3	0.34
7	26.32	119, 163	163.04	p-Coumaric acid	C9H8O3	0.53
8	26.86	43, 172	172.26	Capric acid	C10H20O2	0.91
9	27.29	135, 150, 161, 179	179.05	Caffeic acid	C9H8O4	1.35
10	30.67	129, 180	180.17	1,7-Dimethylxanthine	C7H8N4O2	0.39
11	31.78	123, 140, 168, 183	183.09	Syringaldehyde	C9H10O4	1.73
12	33.19	161, 219	219.15	7-Acetoxy-4-methyl coumarin	C12H10O4	11.07
13	33.24	179, 223	223.13	Sinapic acid	C11H12O5	3.29
14	33.76	153, 219, 263	263.13	Abscisic acid	C15H20O4	2.14
15	34.12	204, 251, 252, 267	267.07	Formononetin	C16H12O4	1.56
16	34.95	119, 121, 153, 225, 271	271.06	Apigenin	C15H10O5	5.19
17	35.77	137, 153, 241, 269, 287	287.05	Luteolin	C15H10O6	10.21
18	36.21	147, 273	273.14	Naringenin	C15H12O5	0.37
19	37.04	153, 286, 301	301.07	Kaempferide	C16H12O6	0.22
20	38.13	153, 165, 229, 247, 285, 303	303.04	Quercetin	C15H10O7	0.37
21	38.41	285, 303	303.09	Taxifolin	C15H12O7	0.43
22	39.72	121, 153, 229, 302, 317	317.06	Isorhamnetin	C16H12O7	0.35
23	40.38	414	414.70	β-Sitosterol	C21H24O9	0.42
24	42.65	165, 241 287, 433	433.11	Kaempferol-3-O-β –L-rhamnoside	C21H20O10	0.19
25	45.73	43, 456	456.23	Ursolic acid	C30H48O3	0.36
26	51.28	302, 317,479	479.12	Isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside	C22H22O12	21.14
27	52.17	229, 247, 303, 465	465.14	Hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-galactoside)	C21H20O12	0.38
28	52.86	414, 576	576.85	β-Sitosterolglucoside	C35H60O6	0.49
29	54.79	287, 433,579	579.14	Kaempferol3,7-di-O-β -L-rhamnoside	C27H30O14	0.09
30	57.18	287, 449, 595	595.16	Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside	C27H31O15	0.07
31	57.93	153, 229, 303, 465, 611	611.16	Rutin	C27H30O16	0.12
32	59.04	300, 315, 623	623.28	Isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside	C28H32O16	0.27
33	61.58	602, 647	647.37	3-O-[β-D-Glucopyranosyl] quinovic acid	C36H56O10	0.14
34	61.87	285, 593	593.15	Tribuloside	C30H26O13	17.35
35	64.72	485, 631, 763	763.02	3-O-[α-L-Arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-quinovopyranosyl] quinovic acid	C40H62O14	0.43
36	65.83	254, 587, 749, 793	793.44	3-O-[β-D-Quinovopyranosyl] quinovic acid-28- β -D-glucopyranosyl ester	C42H66O14	0.28
37	67.71	254, 587, 749, 803	803.41	Zygophylloside S (3-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] quinovic acid)	C41H64O14	6.53
38	69.28	603, 647, 809	809.43	Zygophyloside-K (3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl] quinovic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester)	C42H66O15	3.48
39	70.23	587, 667, 711, 873	873.40	Zygophyloside-F	C42H66O17	2.32
40	71.65	97, 727, 845,889	889.39	Zygophyloside-G	C42H66O18	1.19
41	72.89	603, 647, 809, 891	891.24	3-O-[α-L-Arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-quinovopyranosyl] quinovic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester	C42H66O15	1.17
42	73.27	602, 893	893.13	3-O-[β-D-(2-O-Sulphonyl)-quinovopyranosyl] quinovic acid	C42H66O14S	1.34

¹Relative percentages of compounds in Z. coccineum extract were calculated based on the total peak area in the chromatogram.