[Retracted] Cell-in-Cell: From Cell Biology to Translational Medicine

Table 1

Cell-in-cell (CIC) in different clinical studies.

Disease	Target cell	Effector cell	Significance	Reference
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)	Biliary epithelial cell	CD8^+ T cells	Emperipolesis aggravates the further injury of interlobular bile ducts.	[41]
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB)	Hepatocytes	CD8^+ T cells	Emperipolesis is an indicator of active liver inflammation.	[42]
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)	Hepatocytes	CD8^+ T cells	Emperipolesis a characteristic feature of AIH.	[44]
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)	Pancreatic ductal cells	Lymphocytes/macrophages	Lymphocytes/macrophages inside tumor cells (L/MiT) as an adverse prognostic predictor for young patients with resectable PDAC.	[37]
PDAC	Pancreatic ductal cells	Pancreatic ductal cells	Entotic-CICs are an independent prognostic factor in PDAC.	[38]
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)	Head and neck squamous cells	Head and neck squamous cells	CICs associated with poor survival rates in HNSCC.	[35, 36]
Lung carcinoma	Lung cancer cells	Lung cancer cells	CICs is a poor prognostic facto in lung cancer.	[20]
Rectal cancer	Rectal cancer cells	Rectal cancer cells	CIC is a poor prognostic facto in rectal cancer.	[36]
Buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma	Buccal mucosa squamous cells	Neutrophils	Heterotypic neutrophil-in-tumor structure (FNiT) as a predictor is independently associated with relapse-free survival (RFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS).	[39]
Bladder cancer	Bladder cells	Bladder cells	Cannibalism is an important morphological feature to distinguish a benign from a malignant lesion.	[51]