Research Article

Components Affecting the Promotion of COVID-19 Disease Prevention Behaviors among Iranian Students: A Qualitative Study by Using the PRECEDE Model

Table 2

Study findings based on participants’ perspectives.

ParticipantMeaning unitCondensed meaning unitsCodeCategoryTheme

38-year-old motherMaybe it is because some students overlook the disease.Students overlooked the importance of the disease.Feeling threatenedPerceived sensitivityPredisposing factors
Enabling factors
44-year-old fatherStudents do not properly think about the risks of the disease and what problems it creates for the family.Students do not think about the risks of the disease
39-year-old fatherOne of the best things to do is to tell the children the truth and give the student an example to follow. For example, we could say that someone has been diagnosed with the disease and is ill or dead to adhere to the protocols.Tell the children that someone has been diagnosed with corona disease and is ill or dead so that they adhere to the protocols.Taking the risk seriouslyPerceived intensity
Eighth grade studentI am afraid to go to school because I fear that I will get the disease and be hospitalized. If I go, I will wear a mask and observe my distance.I am afraid that the person will be hospitalized; so, I will adhere to the protocols.
29-year-old health instructorAs a health educator, I need to make it clear to children that following protocols can help prevent the disease.Adherence to protocols can prevent the disease.The expectation of the outcome of the behaviorMental beliefs
Ninth grade studentMy suggestion is that following the protocols is very important and can help a lot not to get sick. I am sure if we follow it, I will not get sick.Adherence to protocols helps not to get sick.
51-year-old fatherOf course, if the health of the family members is important for the student, they must observe the protocols.If family health is important to the student, they will adhere to the protocols.Importance of performing the behaviorBehavior outcome evaluation
39-year-old teacherAt school, we should encourage students to take interest in the health of themselves, their family members, and even their classmates. In a way, we must teach them to be responsible.The health of themselves and their family members and even their classmates is important to them.
Eighth grade studentI will not do it because it is not comfortable. Wearing a mask from morning to noon is very annoying. Is it easier not to wear it because it hurts the behind of my ears.Wearing a mask from morning to noon is very annoying. It is easier not to wear it.The difficulty of performing the behaviorPerceived power
Seventh grade studentDisinfectants have a bad odor and damage the skin. When something makes a person’s skin rough, it becomes difficult to use.Disinfectants smell bad and damage the skin.
51-year-old teacherAn important issue for parents is to help in providing equipment, masks, gloves, and disinfectants.Supporting parents in providing protective equipmentFacilitation of the behaviorControl beliefs
42-year-old motherPlanning is the most important thing that can lead children to adhere to protocols. For example, a supervisory and control plan can be developed by teachers.Supervisory and control planning by teachersReinforcing factors
Ninth grade studentSome of the students mock us when we adhere to the protocols. They bully us and call us cowards. Therefore, we no longer wear masks.People mock me when I adhere to the protocols.Behavior confirmationNormative beliefs
The cooperation of parents is more important than anything. They should take the issue seriously, observe it themselves, and tell the children that the danger is near, and we must follow health protocols to get rid of this danger.Parents should take the issue seriously and tell their children to comply.
40-year-old motherThe student has a special respect for the teacher. If the teacher asks them, I am sure that they will wear a mask, wash their hands, and even observe the distance.The student respects the teacher and will comply if asked by the teacher.The importance of the opinion of othersMotivation to follow
36-year-old teacherChildren will adhere to the protocols if their parents do as well. Most of the time, children wait to see how their parents deal with a situation. For instance, if a father wears a mask, the child will realize that it is important to do so.Their father wears a mask, and they realize that it is important to do so.